Life Cycle Assessment of Wastewater Treatment in a Refinery with Focus on the Desalting Process

IF 0.4 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI:10.3233/ajw230002

Koimbla Francine Josée Kouacou, A. Ouattara, Alain Stéphane Assémian, K. Yao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

During refining operations, desalting wastewater provides 10-30% of the total wastewater volumes and contains 40-70% of the pollutants in the wastewater treatment unit. Desalting consists of removing impurities from the crude oil with washing water. The discharge of treated water into the receptor environment is controlled according to standards regulation. However, due to human health and environmental risks, a multi-criteria and multi-stage analysis must be carried out. This present study aims to identify critical sources of wastewater treatment impacts from desalting operations. Life cycle assessment (LCA) with LCIA methods namely Recipe, CML-IA, TRACI, and USETOX were used in Gabi Software. According to this study, fossil fuel-based, electricity generation is the major contributor to negative output flows with about 99%. Emissions of CO2, CO, NOx, SOx, and COV during electricity generation influence the global warming potential through the greenhouse effect, acidification potential that causes acid rains, and photochemical oxidation potential relative to smog. Uncertainty relative to toxicity results does not allow conclusive points to be made. The inclusion of the desalting process in LCA of wastewater treatment is relevant for a comprehensive analysis. The preliminary results obtained during this work will be used in future LCAs in Africa to develop an environmental assessment database.

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某炼油厂污水处理生命周期评价——以脱盐工艺为重点

在精炼操作过程中，脱盐废水占废水总量的10-30%，并含有废水处理装置中40-70%的污染物。脱盐包括用洗涤水去除原油中的杂质。处理过的水排放到受体环境中是根据标准法规进行控制的。然而，由于人类健康和环境风险，必须进行多标准、多阶段的分析。本研究旨在确定脱盐操作对废水处理影响的关键来源。Gabi软件中使用了生命周期评估（LCA）和LCIA方法，即Recipe、CML-IA、TRACI和USETOX。根据这项研究，以化石燃料为基础的发电是负输出流的主要贡献者，约占99%。发电过程中CO2、CO、NOx、SOx和COV的排放通过温室效应、导致酸雨的酸化潜力以及相对于烟雾的光化学氧化潜力影响全球变暖潜力。与毒性结果相关的不确定性不允许提出结论性观点。将脱盐过程纳入废水处理的LCA中，有助于进行综合分析。这项工作中获得的初步结果将用于非洲未来的LCA，以开发环境评估数据库。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

20.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia, as a whole region, faces severe stress on water availability, primarily due to high population density. Many regions of the continent face severe problems of water pollution on local as well as regional scale and these have to be tackled with a pan-Asian approach. However, the available literature on the subject is generally based on research done in Europe and North America. Therefore, there is an urgent and strong need for an Asian journal with its focus on the region and wherein the region specific problems are addressed in an intelligent manner. In Asia, besides water, there are several other issues related to environment, such as; global warming and its impact; intense land/use and shifting pattern of agriculture; issues related to fertilizer applications and pesticide residues in soil and water; and solid and liquid waste management particularly in industrial and urban areas. Asia is also a region with intense mining activities whereby serious environmental problems related to land/use, loss of top soil, water pollution and acid mine drainage are faced by various communities. Essentially, Asians are confronted with environmental problems on many fronts. Many pressing issues in the region interlink various aspects of environmental problems faced by population in this densely habited region in the world. Pollution is one such serious issue for many countries since there are many transnational water bodies that spread the pollutants across the entire region. Water, environment and pollution together constitute a three axial problem that all concerned people in the region would like to focus on.