The Shaping of AMPA Receptor Surface Distribution by Neuronal Activity

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
T. Chater, Y. Goda
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

Neurotransmission is critically dependent on the number, position, and composition of receptor proteins on the postsynaptic neuron. Of these, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are responsible for the majority of postsynaptic depolarization at excitatory mammalian synapses following glutamate release. AMPARs are continually trafficked to and from the cell surface, and once at the surface, AMPARs laterally diffuse in and out of synaptic domains. Moreover, the subcellular distribution of AMPARs is shaped by patterns of activity, as classically demonstrated by the synaptic insertion or removal of AMPARs following the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), respectively. Crucially, there are many subtleties in the regulation of AMPARs, and exactly how local and global synaptic activity drives the trafficking and retention of synaptic AMPARs of different subtypes continues to attract attention. Here we will review how activity can have differential effects on AMPAR distribution and trafficking along with its subunit composition and phosphorylation state, and we highlight some of the controversies and remaining questions. As the AMPAR field is extensive, to say the least, this review will focus primarily on cellular and molecular studies in the hippocampus. We apologise to authors whose work could not be cited directly owing to space limitations.
神经元活动对AMPA受体表面分布的影响
神经传递主要依赖于突触后神经元上受体蛋白的数量、位置和组成。其中,α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体(AMPARs)负责谷氨酸释放后兴奋性哺乳动物突触的大部分突触后去极化。AMPARs被不断地从细胞表面运输到细胞表面,一旦到达细胞表面,AMPARs就向外扩散进出突触区域。此外,ampar的亚细胞分布受活动模式的影响,如ampar在诱导长期增强(LTP)和长期抑制(LTD)后分别在突触插入或移除所证明的那样。至关重要的是,在ampar的调控中有许多微妙之处,以及局部和全局突触活动如何驱动不同亚型的突触ampar的运输和保留继续引起人们的关注。在这里,我们将回顾活性如何对AMPAR的分布和运输以及其亚基组成和磷酸化状态产生不同影响,并强调一些争议和遗留问题。由于AMPAR领域的广泛,至少可以说,本综述将主要集中在海马的细胞和分子研究上。我们向由于篇幅限制而无法直接引用其作品的作者道歉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
2.70%
发文量
74
审稿时长
14 weeks
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