KRITERIA KRIMINALISASI: ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN MOELJATNO, SUDARTO, THEO DE ROOS, DAN IRIS HAENEN

Dion Valerian
{"title":"KRITERIA KRIMINALISASI: ANALISIS PEMIKIRAN MOELJATNO, SUDARTO, THEO DE ROOS, DAN IRIS HAENEN","authors":"Dion Valerian","doi":"10.25123/vej.v8i2.4923","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In criminal law, “criminalization” is defined as a process of determining certain conduct as a criminal offense through legislation. This doctrinal legal research article describes and analyzes the criteria for criminalization as promulgated by Moeljatno, Sudarto, Theo de Roos, and Iris Haenen. Moeljatno’s criteria are: 1) the conduct is harmful to the public, 2) criminalization is the primary means to deter the harmful conduct, and 3) the government’s ability to effectively enforce the criminal provision. Sudarto promulgates three criteria: 1) harmfulness of the conduct, 2) cost and benefit analysis, and 3) law enforcement burden. Furthermore, Theo de Roos’ six criteria are: 1) feasibility and motivation of harm, 2) tolerance, 3) subsidiarity, 4) proportionality, 5) legality, and 6) practical applicability and effectiveness. Lastly, based on de Roos’ typology Iris Haenen formulates three criteria: 1) primary criteria, which contains “threshold principles”: the conduct must be a) harmful and b) wrongful, 2) secondary criteria, which contains “moderating principles”: proportionality, subsidiarity, and effectiveness, and 3) legality criterion (lex certa). The criteria for criminalization can be employed by the legislators and general public in scrutinizing the feasibility of criminalization of a conduct, to ensure that only the conducts which meet all the criteria that can be criminalized. Only by doing so will the practice of criminalization adhere to the ultimum remedium principle and deter unnecessary criminalization and overcriminalization.","PeriodicalId":32446,"journal":{"name":"Veritas et Justitia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veritas et Justitia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.25123/vej.v8i2.4923","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

In criminal law, “criminalization” is defined as a process of determining certain conduct as a criminal offense through legislation. This doctrinal legal research article describes and analyzes the criteria for criminalization as promulgated by Moeljatno, Sudarto, Theo de Roos, and Iris Haenen. Moeljatno’s criteria are: 1) the conduct is harmful to the public, 2) criminalization is the primary means to deter the harmful conduct, and 3) the government’s ability to effectively enforce the criminal provision. Sudarto promulgates three criteria: 1) harmfulness of the conduct, 2) cost and benefit analysis, and 3) law enforcement burden. Furthermore, Theo de Roos’ six criteria are: 1) feasibility and motivation of harm, 2) tolerance, 3) subsidiarity, 4) proportionality, 5) legality, and 6) practical applicability and effectiveness. Lastly, based on de Roos’ typology Iris Haenen formulates three criteria: 1) primary criteria, which contains “threshold principles”: the conduct must be a) harmful and b) wrongful, 2) secondary criteria, which contains “moderating principles”: proportionality, subsidiarity, and effectiveness, and 3) legality criterion (lex certa). The criteria for criminalization can be employed by the legislators and general public in scrutinizing the feasibility of criminalization of a conduct, to ensure that only the conducts which meet all the criteria that can be criminalized. Only by doing so will the practice of criminalization adhere to the ultimum remedium principle and deter unnecessary criminalization and overcriminalization.
在刑法中,“刑事化”被定义为通过立法确定某种行为为刑事犯罪的过程。这篇理论法学研究文章描述并分析了Moeljatno、Sudarto、Theo de Roos和Iris Haenen所颁布的定罪标准。Moeljatno的标准是:1)行为对公众有害,2)刑事定罪是阻止有害行为的主要手段,3)政府有效执行刑事条款的能力。Sudarto颁布了三个标准:1)行为的危害性,2)成本和收益分析,3)执法负担。此外,Theo de Roos的六个标准是:1)伤害的可行性和动机,2)容忍度,3)辅助性,4)相称性,5)合法性,6)实用性和有效性。最后,基于de Roos的类型学,Iris Haenen制定了三个标准:1)主要标准,包含“门槛原则”:行为必须是a)有害的和b)错误的;2)次要标准,包含“调节原则”:比例性、辅助性和有效性;3)合法性标准(lex certa)。立法者和一般公众在审查将一种行为定为刑事犯罪的可行性时可采用定为刑事犯罪的标准,以确保只有符合所有标准的行为才能定为刑事犯罪。只有这样,刑事定罪实践才能坚持最后补救原则,防止不必要的刑事定罪和过度刑事定罪。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
12 weeks
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信