Real and Synthetic Greywater Treatment by a Combined Process of Ozonation, Granular Activated Carbon, and Ultrafiltration

IF 0.6 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Scope Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI:10.5812/jhealthscope-123644

Ebrahim Shahsavani, M. Ehrampoush, M. Samaei, Ehsan Abouee Mehrizi, F. Madadizadeh, A. Abbasi, Mahboubeh Shiranian, A. Mohammadpour, A. Ebrahimi

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: The water crisis in different parts of the world forces people to manage water resources. Greywater can be used to reduce water stress. The annual rainfall average in Iran is hardly one-third of the world. In this study, the treatment of synthetic greywater at low, medium, and high organic load and real greywater (RGW) by a combined process of ozonation/granular activated carbon (GAC)/ultrafiltration (UF) have been investigated. Objectives: This study aimed to find a greywater treatment method that is effective, new, environment-friendly, and cost-effective. Methods: Chemicals and commercial compounds were used to prepare synthetic greywater, and the research pilot was developed. After several preparation steps, the GAC was transferred to a GAC reactor. A continuous flow of synthetic greywater entered the treatment system with low: 6.1, medium: 12.2, and high: 18.3 gCOD/L.d organic loading rates for 6 months. Next, the RGW samples from a residential complex in Shiraz, Iran, entered the treatment system for two weeks. After chemical analysis, an analysis of variance was carried out to compare the removal efficiency of parameters: [chemical oxygen demand (COD), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), turbidity, and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS)] at various organic loads (low, medium, and high) of synthetic greywater and RGW. Results: We found the average COD removal in low, medium, and high organic loads of synthetic greywater and RGW as approximately 79.3%, 86.1%, 77.3%, and 97.3%, respectively. Moreover, the average BOD5 removal in the mentioned groups was about 69.6%, 48.9%, 42.7%, and 86.8%, respectively. The average of turbidity removal was 95.6%, 98.3%, 97.4%, and 97.9%, and average LAS removal was 90.1%, 88.9%, 88.3%, and 91.9%, respectively. Conclusions: This treatment method is remarkable for real and synthetic greywater treatment. It can effectively remove COD, BOD5, turbidity, and LAS. In addition, it is a relatively low-cost and environment-friendly system. Therefore, it can be recommended as a greywater treatment method, especially in countries with inadequate water supplies, such as Iran.

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臭氧氧化、颗粒活性炭和超滤联合工艺处理真实和合成灰水

背景：世界各地的水危机迫使人们管理水资源。灰水可以用来减少水的压力。伊朗的年平均降雨量几乎不到世界的三分之一。本研究采用臭氧氧化/颗粒活性炭（GAC）/超滤（UF）联合工艺处理低、中、高有机负荷的合成灰水和真实灰水（RGW）。目的：本研究旨在寻找一种有效、新颖、环保、经济高效的灰水处理方法。方法：采用化学药品和商品化合物制备合成灰水，并进行中试研究。经过几个制备步骤后，将GAC转移到GAC反应器中。连续流动的合成灰水以低：6.1、中：12.2和高：18.3gCOD/L.d的有机负荷率进入处理系统，持续6个月。接下来，来自伊朗设拉子一个住宅小区的RGW样本进入处理系统两周。化学分析后，进行方差分析，以比较参数[化学需氧量（COD）、五天生化需氧量（BOD5）、浊度和线性烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）]在合成灰水和RGW的各种有机负荷（低、中、高）下的去除效率。结果：我们发现，在低、中、高有机负荷的合成灰水和RGW中，COD的平均去除率分别约为79.3%、86.1%、77.3%和97.3%。此外，上述组的BOD5平均去除率分别约为69.6%、48.9%、42.7%和86.8%。浊度平均去除率分别为95.6%、98.3%、97.4%和97.9%，LAS平均去除率为90.1%、88.9%、88.3%和91.9%。结论：该处理方法对真实灰水和人工灰水的处理效果显著。可有效去除COD、BOD5、浊度、LAS。此外，它是一个相对低成本和环境友好的系统。因此，它可以被推荐为灰水处理方法，尤其是在伊朗等供水不足的国家。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health Scope PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

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16.70%

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