Treatment of Melanoma: Current Status and Prospects

Abstract

Melanoma is a tumor caused by the deterioration of melanocytes. Both genetic factors and environmental factors contribute to the occurrence of the disease. Melanoma accounts for about 1% to 3% of all malignant tumors, and its prevalence is increasing year by year at the rate of 3% to 5%. With the exception of early surgical resection, there is a lack of specific treatment for patients with melanoma, and many of them have poor prognosis. Treatment strategies for advanced melanoma have been developing rapidly in recent years. Many new therapeutic drugs have emerged and are being tested in recent years. This review focuses on the current development of melanoma treatment (specifically, gene targeted therapy and immunotherapy) and discusses future treatment possibilities.