Evaluation of surface temperature and pressure derived from MERRA-2 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets and their applications in hourly GNSS precipitable water vapor retrieval over China

IF 2.8 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Liangke Huang , Xiaoyang Fang , Tengxu Zhang , Haoyu Wang , Lei Cui , Lilong Liu
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Temperature and pressure play key roles in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precipitable water vapor (PWV) retrieval. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) have released their latest reanalysis product: the modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) and the fifth-generation ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5), respectively. Based on the reanalysis data, we evaluate and analyze the accuracy of the surface temperature and pressure products in China using the the measured temperature and pressure data from 609 ground meteorological stations in 2017 as reference values. Then the accuracy of the two datasets and their performances in estimating GNSS PWV are analyzed. The PWV derived from the pressure and temperature products of ERA5 and MERRA-2 has high accuracy. The annual average biases of pressure and temperature for ERA5 are −0.07 hPa and 0.45 K, with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.95 hPa and 2.04 K, respectively. The annual average biases of pressure and temperature for MERRA-2 are −0.01 hPa and 0.38 K, with the RMSE of 1.08 hPa and 2.66 K, respectively. The accuracy of ERA5 is slightly higher than that of MERRA-2. The two reanalysis data show negative biases in most regions of China, with the highest to lowest accuracy in the following order: the south, north, northwest, and Tibet Plateau. Comparing the GNSS PWV calculated using MERRA-2 (GNSS MERRA-2 PWV) and ERA5 (GNSS ERA5 PWV) with the radiosonde-derived PWV from 48 co-located GNSS stations and the measured PWV of the co-location radiosonde stations, it is found that the accuracy of GNSS ERA5 PWV is better than that of GNSS MERRA-2 PWV. These results show the different applicability of surface temperature and pressure products from MERRA-2 and ERA5 data, indicating that both have important applications in meteorological research and GNSS water vapor monitoring in China.

基于MERRA-2和ERA5再分析数据集的地表温度和压力评估及其在中国GNSS每小时可降水量反演中的应用
温度和压力在全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)可降水量(PWV)反演中起着关键作用。美国国家航空航天局(NASA)和欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)发布了最新的再分析产品:现代研究和应用回顾性分析第2版(MERRA-2)和第五代ECMWF再分析(ERA5)。基于再分析数据,以2017年609个地面气象站的实测温度和压力数据为参考值,对中国地表温度和压力产品的精度进行了评价和分析。然后分析了两种数据集的精度及其在估计GNSS PWV中的性能。由ERA5和MERRA-2的压力和温度乘积得到的PWV具有较高的精度。ERA5的年平均压力和温度偏差分别为- 0.07 hPa和0.45 K,均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.95 hPa和2.04 K。MERRA-2的年平均压力和温度偏差分别为- 0.01 hPa和0.38 K, RMSE分别为1.08 hPa和2.66 K。ERA5的精度略高于MERRA-2。两种再分析数据在中国大部分地区均呈现负偏倚,准确度从高到低依次为:南部、北部、西北部和青藏高原。将MERRA-2 (GNSS MERRA-2 PWV)和ERA5 (GNSS ERA5 PWV)计算的GNSS PWV与48个同址GNSS台站的探空所得PWV和同址探空台站实测PWV进行比较,发现GNSS ERA5 PWV的精度优于GNSS MERRA-2 PWV。这些结果表明MERRA-2和ERA5数据的地表温度和压力产品的适用性不同,表明两者在中国气象研究和GNSS水汽监测中具有重要的应用价值。
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来源期刊
Geodesy and Geodynamics
Geodesy and Geodynamics GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
4.20%
发文量
566
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Geodesy and Geodynamics launched in October, 2010, and is a bimonthly publication. It is sponsored jointly by Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Science Press, and another six agencies. It is an international journal with a Chinese heart. Geodesy and Geodynamics is committed to the publication of quality scientific papers in English in the fields of geodesy and geodynamics from authors around the world. Its aim is to promote a combination between Geodesy and Geodynamics, deepen the application of Geodesy in the field of Geoscience and quicken worldwide fellows'' understanding on scientific research activity in China. It mainly publishes newest research achievements in the field of Geodesy, Geodynamics, Science of Disaster and so on. Aims and Scope: new theories and methods of geodesy; new results of monitoring and studying crustal movement and deformation by using geodetic theories and methods; new ways and achievements in earthquake-prediction investigation by using geodetic theories and methods; new results of crustal movement and deformation studies by using other geologic, hydrological, and geophysical theories and methods; new results of satellite gravity measurements; new development and results of space-to-ground observation technology.
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