Partitive genitive constructions and agreement variations in Latvian

IF 0.3 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Linguistic Variation Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI:10.1075/lv.20019.kal

Andra Kalnača, Ilze Lokmane

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Abstract

The article takes a closer look at the partitive genitive constructions in Latvian, their structure, semantics, and syntactic functions. With the help of a corpus analysis, an attempt has been made to find out what determines gender and number agreement variations between the partitive genitive constructions in subject position and the predicate, if it comprises a declinable participle. Attention was paid to such features as subject animacy, voice of the predicate, word order (SV / VS), quantifier lexeme and grammatical number of the genitive. 320 examples with partitive genitive constructions were selected from The Balanced Corpus of Modern Latvian LVK2018, including such quantifier lexemes as daļa ‘part’, skaits ‘number’, vairums ‘quantity’, vairākums ‘majority’, puse ‘half’, daudzums ‘amount / quantity’, lērums ‘bagful’, simts ‘hundred’, tūkstotis ‘thousand’, daudz ‘much/many’, maz ‘little / few’. The best results are given by the combination of values ‘animate’, ‘active’ and ‘SV’, in which 93.24% of the examples are partitive genitive agreement. Data analyzed so far suggest that quantifiers involving the semantic element of partitivity (e.g., daļa ‘part’) favor partitive genitive agreement, whereas quantifiers lacking this semantic element favor quantifier agreement. This is an exploratory quantitative study on agreement tendencies in Latvian.

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拉脱维亚语的分格属格结构和协议变化

本文对拉脱维亚语中的部分属格结构及其结构、语义和句法功能进行了较为深入的研究。在语料库分析的帮助下，试图找出是什么决定了主词位置上的部分属格结构和谓语之间的性别和数量一致性变化，如果它包含可降分词的话。注意主词动物性、谓语语态、语序、量词词位和属格语法数等特点。从《现代拉脱维亚语平衡语料库》LVK2018中选取了320个具有部分属格结构的例子，包括daļa‘part’、skaits‘number’、vairrums‘quantity’、vairākums‘domity’、puse‘half’、daudzums‘amount/quantity”、lērums‘bagful’、simts‘centry’、túkstotis‘Thousa000’、dauz‘many/many’等量词，maz“很少/很少”。“animate”、“active”和“SV”值的组合给出了最佳结果，其中93.24%的例子是部分-属格一致的。迄今为止分析的数据表明，涉及部分性语义元素（例如，daļa“part”）的量词有利于部分-属格一致性，而缺乏该语义元素的量词则有利于量词一致性。这是一项关于拉脱维亚语中一致性倾向的探索性定量研究。

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来源期刊

Linguistic Variation LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-

CiteScore

0.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Linguistic Variation is an international, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on the study of linguistic variation. It seeks to investigate to what extent the study of linguistic variation can shed light on the broader issue of language-particular versus language-universal properties, on the interaction between what is fixed and necessary on the one hand and what is variable and contingent on the other. This enterprise involves properly defining and delineating the notion of linguistic variation by identifying loci of variation. What are the variable properties of natural language and what is its invariant core?