Phenotypic and molecular divergence in maize (Zea mays L.) ecotypes

IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Ramsha Javed
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Genetic characterization of maize genotypes is of great importance in maize breeding program to identify diverse populations and divergent genotypes. Divergence and genetic diversity were assessed in a set of 20 maize genotypes representing popcorn, white corn, sweet corn and yellow corn, through morphological characteristics and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Field experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological data revealed that sweet corn genotype SCLY-1 was earlier in days to 50% pollen shedding than other genotypes while white corn genotype WL-3 was earlier in days to 50% silking. Maximum plant height was recorded for PCLY-5 (133.3 cm) while lowest for WL-4 (92.8 cm), whereas highest ears height was recorded for popcorn PCLY-1 (64.4 cm) and lowest (29.4 cm) for SCLY-5. The yellow corn had maximum (4.5 kg) grain yield at harvest as compared to sweet and popcorn (3.0 kg). Negative but weak correlation was recorded between ear height and grain yield. Cluster analysis based on yield related parameters grouped all the studied genotypes in to five sub clusters. Molecular genotyping based on four primers amplified 37 loci which were (100%) polymorphic. Maximum elven loci were identified by primer GLA-04, while minimum was reported for primer GLA-03. The loci GLD-18B1000, GLA-04B300 recorded highest gene diversity (0.500) followed by loci GLE05B750, GLE-05B650 and GLE-05B550. The loci of primer GLD-18 (GLD-18B1000) detected highest alleles evenness and Simpson’s diversity index of 1.00 and 0.526, respectively. Maximum gene diversity (0.354) among populations were recorded for yellow corn, while the minimum was detected for white corn (0.254), while genotypic diversity was same for all maize types. Cluster analysis based on molecular genotypic data grouped the maize genotypes into four distinct groups. Lack of concordance was observed while comparing the clustering based on phenotypic and molecular data. The overall diversity among the studied maize genotypes could be used in future maize breeding program.
玉米(Zea mays L.)生态型的表型和分子差异
玉米基因型的遗传特征在玉米育种计划中对识别不同群体和不同基因型具有重要意义。通过形态学特征和随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)标记,对代表爆米花、白玉米、甜玉米和黄玉米的20种玉米基因型的差异性和遗传多样性进行了评估。田间试验采用随机完全区组设计,三次重复。形态学数据显示,甜玉米基因型SCLY-1比其他基因型早脱落50%花粉,而白玉米基因型WL-3早吐丝50%。PCLY-5的最高株高为133.3厘米,WL-4的最低株高为92.8厘米,而爆米花PCLY-1的最高穗高为64.4厘米,SCLY-5的最低穗高为29.4厘米。与甜玉米和爆米花(3.0公斤)相比,黄色玉米在收获时的粮食产量最高(4.5公斤)。穗高与产量呈负相关,但相关性较弱。基于产量相关参数的聚类分析将所有研究的基因型分为五个子聚类。利用4个引物进行分子分型,共扩增出37个多态位点(100%)。引物GLA-04鉴定了最大的elven基因座,而引物GLA-03报告了最小的elven位点。基因座GLD-18B1000、GLA-04B300的基因多样性最高(0.500),其次是基因座GLE05B750、GLE-05B650和GLE-05B550。引物GLD-18(GLD-18B1000)的等位基因均匀度和Simpson多样性指数最高,分别为1.00和0.526。黄玉米群体间的基因多样性最高(0.354),白玉米群体间基因多样性最低(0.254),而所有玉米类型的基因型多样性相同。基于分子基因型数据的聚类分析将玉米基因型分为四个不同的组。在比较基于表型和分子数据的聚类时,观察到缺乏一致性。所研究的玉米基因型之间的总体多样性可用于未来的玉米育种计划。
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来源期刊
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
25.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences is published in English four times a year. The journal publishes original articles on all aspects of agriculture and allied fields.
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