Diversity of the genus Brasilonema (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria) in plant nurseries of central Florida (USA) with the description of three new species: B. fioreae sp. nov., B. santannae sp. nov. and B. wernerae sp. nov.

Abstract

Florida is a diverse region that supports abundant cyanobacterial diversity, especially in terrestrial environments. To exploit this environment for cyanobacterial diversity, several greenhouses from central Florida were sampled to identify common nuisance and contaminating algae. Most of the algae observed were mat forming, covering nursery pots, plants, and equipment which were macro- and microscopically morphologically analogous to Brasilonema. Although macroscopic thallus morphology was similar among the samples, microscopic morphological characteristics such as size, color, and sheath formation were disparate. To uncover the cryptic diversity, mats were processed for species isolation, culture, and molecular taxonomic identification. A total of eleven Brasilonema strains were isolated into culture and systematically identified using 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA ITS sequences. Based on morphology and molecular data, five species of Brasilonema were found and three are new to science: B. fioreae, B. santannae, and B. wernerae.