Tipificación estructural y rentabilidad de explotaciones ovinas de carne

Abstract

El Se trata de tipo de que desempeña un importante papel en zonas desfavorecidas por su contribución a la sostenibilidad económica, social y medioambiental, siendo importante garantizar su viabilidad económica. El objetivo genérico del presente trabajo ha sido analizar las posibles relaciones entre los resultados económicos de una muestra de explotaciones de ovino de carne ubicadas en Aragón (España) y determinados indicadores estructurales. Previamente se realizó una tipificación para estudiar su variabilidad. La muestra la componen 126 ganaderías aragonesas de ovino de carne. Se utilizan las medias de las variables durante un período que oscila entre 5 y 24 años dentro del periodo 1993-2016. Se realizó un análisis factorial sobre diez variables estructurales y se identificaron cuatro factores a par-tir de los cuáles se obtuvieron dos grupos significativamente diferentes en cuanto a sus características estructurales. Abstract The sheep meat sector is experiencing a strong recoil in Spain and in the European Union. It is a type of livestock that plays an important role in disadvantaged areas for its contribution to economic, social and environmental sustainability, being important to ensure its economic viability. The generic ob-jective of this work has been to analyze the possible relationship between the economic results of a sample of sheep meat farms located in Aragon (Spain) and certain structural indicators. Previously a typification was done to study their variability. The sample is made up of 126 Aragonese meat sheep explotaciones como más o farms. The variables’ means are used during a period that varies between 5 and 24 years within the 1993-2016 period. A factor analysis was performed on ten structural variables and four factors were identi-fied from which two significantly different groups of farms were obtained in terms of their structural characteristics. The gross margin per total labor unit was chosen as an indicator of the economic result of farms, and was calculated considering or not the remuneration of family labor. By means of a multiple linear regression the dependence of this economic result on structural variables previously analy-zed was established. It can be concluded that the optimization of the number of ewes per total labor unit and per hectare of the used agricultural area, are aspects to be considered when improving the profitability and viability of sheep meat farms.