Genetic variation, correlation coefficient and pathway analysis for yield and its components in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Abstract

In 2018 and 2019 summer seasons form field experiments were carried out at Shandaweel Agric. Res. Station using 15 peanut genotypes to study the genetic parameters like variability, heritability and genetic advance as the percent, in order to develop new varieties. Results showed significant differences for the studied traits in the two seasons and the combined. Lines 11 recorded the highest value for pods weight/plant, 100-pod weight, seeds weight/plant,100-seed weight and pod yield (ard/fed.) in two seasons and their combined. Phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) was more than genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) showed larger influence of environment for all characters with slight differences in few cases. Heritability estimates along with expected genetic advance as percentage of mean was high for number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, seeds weight/plant and shelling percentage%, predicting the importance of additive gene action and ample scope for importance in these traits through selection. Correlations study revealed that pod yield (adr/fed) had highly significantly positive correlation with number of pod/ plant, pods weight/plant, 100-pod weight/plant, number of seeds/ plant, seeds weight/plant and 100-seed weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that pods weight/plant, 100-pod weight and number of seeds/plant had the highest direct effect on pod yield (ard/fed.). Through these studied results and selecting the yield of peanut pods by these traits would be effective, two types of promising lines (No. 6 and 11), can be development varieties with good cultivation in Upper Egypt governorates.