Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos por hipertiroidismo e hipotiroidismo en el servicio de endocrinología de una institución hospitalaria de Medellín (Colombia) entre 2013 y 2015

Abstract

Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of hyperthyroid and hypothyroid patients that receive endocrinological services from a medical institution in Medellin (Colombia) between 2013 and 2015. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted and included the clinical records of patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. A univariate analysis was applied using descriptive statistics by means of absolute frequencies and proportions in the IBM SPSS software, version 19.0. Results: A sample of 149 patients was obtained 131 patients with hypothyroidism and 18 with hyperthyroidism, the average age was 57,8±17,8 years and 48,2±15,1 years, respectively. The frequency of female sex with hypothyroidism was greater than those patients with hyperthyroidism (86,3% versus 66,7%). Post-surgery hypothyroidism had a high prevalence 11,5% followed by the Hashimoto disease 5,3%. The principal etiologies in hyperthyroidism were Graves disease 33,3% and thyrotoxicosis 22,2%. With relation to the signs and frequent symptoms in the studied patients, the goiter was common in 14,5% of the patients with hypothyroidism versus 38,9% of those patients with hyperthyroidism. The most frequent diseases on past medical history in both groups of patients were high blood pressure and Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion: The results of the present study are in agreement with the information existing in the literature, the presentation of thyroid pathologies is more common in the female sex; and the main etiology is surgery and Graves' disease for hypo and hyperthyroidism respectively.