Occupancy of invasive Northern Crayfish (Faxonius virilis) in northern streams is associated primarily with water temperature

IF 1.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Freshwater Science Pub Date : 2022-09-19 DOI:10.1086/722576
Victoria Van Mierlo, S. Green, C. Emmerton, M. Nasr, C. Buendia, Faye R. Wyatt, M. Poesch
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Invasive species are the 2nd-greatest threat to global freshwater biodiversity. Crayfish are especially robust invaders due to their omnivorous nature and ability to compete both directly (resource procurement) and indirectly (habitat occupation and modification) with native species. The Northern Crayfish (Faxonius virilis Hagen, 1870) was introduced to the North Saskatchewan River basin (Alberta, western Canada) and has persisted there since the early 1990s. Faxonius virilis’ impacts on native fish assemblages in the North Saskatchewan River have yet to be assessed, even though the watershed is ecologically, economically, and culturally valuable and home to multiple sensitive and at-risk fish species. We aimed to identify the instream environmental characteristics associated with F. virilis occupancy in the North Saskatchewan River basin and to determine which currently unoccupied tributaries are most vulnerable to F. virilis invasion. We used occupancy modeling to meet these objectives. We deployed 24-h baited crayfish traps and measured water temperature, turbidity, flow velocity, and physical complexity at 37 sites along the Alberta portion of the North Saskatchewan River basin. We detected F. virilis at 13/37 sites with no occurrences detected in the upper basin. Occupancy model selection and averaging revealed that water temperature alone was associated with occupancy of F. virilis in the North Saskatchewan River basin. Streams with mean summer water temperatures >∼19°C were ≥50% more likely to be occupied by F. virilis than cooler streams and are at highest risk of invasion. Further, we found that streams with mean summer water temperatures <∼15°C had a <25% chance of becoming occupied by F. virilis than warmer streams. Coldwater streams may thus have some natural protection against F. virilis invasion. The results from this study provide practical guidelines for watershed management of invasive F. virilis populations in western Canadian river basins. Managing F. virilis is particularly important and time sensitive because F. virilis’ range will likely expand when water temperatures in the basin rise because of climate change.
入侵的北方小龙虾(Faxonius virilis)在北部河流中的占据主要与水温有关
入侵物种是全球淡水生物多样性的第二大威胁。由于小龙虾的杂食性和与本地物种直接(资源获取)和间接(栖息地占领和改造)竞争的能力,它们是特别强大的入侵者。北方小龙虾(Faxonius virilis Hagen, 1870年)被引入北萨斯喀彻温河流域(加拿大西部阿尔伯塔省),自20世纪90年代初以来一直在那里生存。尽管该流域具有生态、经济和文化价值,是多种敏感和濒危鱼类的家园,但对北萨斯喀彻温河本地鱼类种群的影响尚未得到评估。我们的目的是确定北萨斯喀彻温河流域与F. virilis占用相关的溪流环境特征,并确定哪些目前未被占用的支流最容易受到F. virilis入侵。我们使用占用建模来满足这些目标。我们部署了24小时的诱饵小龙虾陷阱,并在北萨斯喀彻温河流域阿尔伯塔省的37个地点测量了水温、浊度、流速和物理复杂性。37个站点中有13个站点检测到绒毛菌,上游流域未检测到。在北萨斯喀彻温河流域,水温单独与水蚤的占据有关。夏季平均水温为bb0 ~ 19°C的溪流比温度较低的溪流更有可能被F. virilis占据,并且具有最高的入侵风险。此外,我们发现夏季平均水温< ~ 15°C的溪流比温暖的溪流有<25%的机会被F. virilis占据。因此,冷水溪流可能有一些天然的保护措施来抵御绒毛杆菌的入侵。本研究结果为加拿大西部河流流域入侵性绒毛菌种群的流域管理提供了实用指导。管理F. virilis特别重要且具有时间敏感性,因为当盆地水温因气候变化而上升时,F. virilis的活动范围可能会扩大。
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来源期刊
Freshwater Science
Freshwater Science ECOLOGY-MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
49
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Freshwater Science (FWS) publishes articles that advance understanding and environmental stewardship of all types of inland aquatic ecosystems (lakes, rivers, streams, reservoirs, subterranean, and estuaries) and ecosystems at the interface between aquatic and terrestrial habitats (wetlands, riparian areas, and floodplains). The journal regularly features papers on a wide range of topics, including physical, chemical, and biological properties of lentic and lotic habitats; ecosystem processes; structure and dynamics of populations, communities, and ecosystems; ecology, systematics, and genetics of freshwater organisms, from bacteria to vertebrates; linkages between freshwater and other ecosystems and between freshwater ecology and other aquatic sciences; bioassessment, conservation, and restoration; environmental management; and new or novel methods for basic or applied research.
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