Study of Infectious Diarrheas in Transylvania-Romania

Abstract

“Diarrhea” is an alteration in a normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume or frequency of stools. Acute diarrhea of infectious etiology often referred to as gastroenteritis and is typically associated with clinical signs and symptoms including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, the passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal urgency. Infectious diarrheal diseases are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is diarrhea we have also found out during a large 3 years study 2017-2020 in TransylvaniaRomania. 3577 number of cases were transmitted during this time by the 12 territory sanitary policies to the Epidemiology Department from the Public Health Center Cluj. Those were mostly diagnosed by the territorial family doctors in the region and more than 20%, needed hospitalization for several days because of the mentioned disease disorders 3 children died during this time because of severe complications. The detected infectious microbial etiology were determined in authorized laboratories in which it was identified as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Yersinia spp. or Rotavirus Giardia and Fungi species. Most numbers of cases appeared in children, followed by elderly or adult people, as quantified number of determination. In light of these data, acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue against which control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance and response in the field of infectious acute diarrhea include obligatory strategies of infection control.