Calibration and Validation of the SWAT Model on the Watershed of Bafing River, Main Upstream Tributary of Senegal River: Checking for the Influence of the Period of Study
Moussé Landing Sane, S. Sambou, Issa Lèye, D. Ndione, S. Diatta, I. Ndiaye, M. Badji, Seïdou Kane
{"title":"Calibration and Validation of the SWAT Model on the Watershed of Bafing River, Main Upstream Tributary of Senegal River: Checking for the Influence of the Period of Study","authors":"Moussé Landing Sane, S. Sambou, Issa Lèye, D. Ndione, S. Diatta, I. Ndiaye, M. Badji, Seïdou Kane","doi":"10.4236/ojmh.2020.104006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Management of reservoir water resources requires the \nknowledge of flow inputs in this reservoir. Hydrological rainfall-runoff model \nis used for this purpose. There are several types of hydrological model \naccording the description of the hydrological processes: black-box models, \nconceptual models, deterministic physical based model. SWAT is a semi-distributed \nhydrological model designed for water quality and quantity. This versatile tool \nhas been used all around the world to assess and manage water resources. The \nmain objective of the paper is to calibrate and validate the SWAT model on the \nwatershed of Bafing located between 10°30' and 12°30' \nnorth latitude and between 12°30' and 9°30' west longitude to assess climate change \non this river flows. A DEM with a resolution of 12.5 m × 12.5 m, the daily average flows and the \ndaily observed precipitations on the period 1979-1986 (long period) are used as \ninputs for the calibration, while precipitations for the period 1988-1994 are \nused for the validation. The sensitivity analysis was done to detect the most \ndetermining coefficients during the calibration step. It shows that 19 \nparameters are required. Then, the effect of the period on the parameters \ncalibration is checked for using first the whole period of study and then each \nyear of the period of study. The Nash criterion was used to compare the \ncalculated and the observed hygrographs in each case. The results showed that \nthe longer is the period of calibration, the more accurate is the Nash \ncriterion. The calibration per year gave a best Nash criterion except for a \nsingle year. During the validation, the parameters calculated on the long \nperiod lead to the best Nash criterion. The values of the Nash criterion \ncalibration and validation are very suitable. These results of calibration can \nbe used to study the long-term evolution of flow at Senegal River on Bafing \nMakana.","PeriodicalId":70695,"journal":{"name":"现代水文学期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"现代水文学期刊(英文)","FirstCategoryId":"1089","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmh.2020.104006","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Abstract
Management of reservoir water resources requires the
knowledge of flow inputs in this reservoir. Hydrological rainfall-runoff model
is used for this purpose. There are several types of hydrological model
according the description of the hydrological processes: black-box models,
conceptual models, deterministic physical based model. SWAT is a semi-distributed
hydrological model designed for water quality and quantity. This versatile tool
has been used all around the world to assess and manage water resources. The
main objective of the paper is to calibrate and validate the SWAT model on the
watershed of Bafing located between 10°30' and 12°30'
north latitude and between 12°30' and 9°30' west longitude to assess climate change
on this river flows. A DEM with a resolution of 12.5 m × 12.5 m, the daily average flows and the
daily observed precipitations on the period 1979-1986 (long period) are used as
inputs for the calibration, while precipitations for the period 1988-1994 are
used for the validation. The sensitivity analysis was done to detect the most
determining coefficients during the calibration step. It shows that 19
parameters are required. Then, the effect of the period on the parameters
calibration is checked for using first the whole period of study and then each
year of the period of study. The Nash criterion was used to compare the
calculated and the observed hygrographs in each case. The results showed that
the longer is the period of calibration, the more accurate is the Nash
criterion. The calibration per year gave a best Nash criterion except for a
single year. During the validation, the parameters calculated on the long
period lead to the best Nash criterion. The values of the Nash criterion
calibration and validation are very suitable. These results of calibration can
be used to study the long-term evolution of flow at Senegal River on Bafing
Makana.