Rare Case of Optic Nerve Glioma Revealed by Russell Syndrome

Abstract

Optic nerve glioma (or optic glioma), is a rare form of glioma which affects the optic nerve. There is very little data available in the literature that describes this pathology. It represents 5% of brain tumors in children. The diagnosis is always made on the occasion of ophthalmological clinical signs (nystagmus, loss of visual acuity). In some cases, its mode of revelation is uncommon, delaying the diagnosis and the treatment. Through our work, we have reported the case of a 17-month-old infant with optic chiasm glioma, revealed by diencephalic cachexia evolving since the age of 5 months. The child was put on enteral nutrition at constant flow rate and polychemotherapy with an improvement in the clinical state and radiological stabilization after a 3-month follow-up.