Populist authoritarian neoliberalism in Brazil: making sense of Bolsonaro's anti-environment agenda

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Sierra Deutsch
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

In Brazil, the looming threat of mass extinction has prompted increasingly exceptional measures to protect sensitive biomes. At the same time, such measures threaten to curtail capitalist expansion and thus Brazil's neoliberal model of economic development. Jair Bolsonaro's 2018 presidential campaign responded to these threats by fueling anti-environment sentiments and anti-environmentalist enmity. Once inaugurated, he immediately began the work of dismantling national environmental governance structures. Yet his strategies for doing so are often masked by what this article describes as a 'firehouse effect', where his tactics appear chaotic, confused, and lacking any particular goal. The article uses a combination of interviews with 35 environmental experts, participant observation, and a review of secondary sources to zoom in on Bolsonaro's anti-environmentalism within the context of the contemporary turn toward populist authoritarian neoliberalism. By focusing on how Bolsonaro's policies serve to weaken protective environmental measures that limit capitalist extraction, the article unearths the major anti-environment strategies of the Bolsonaro administration. This framework thus allows us to see through the 'firehouse effect' to make some sense of Bolsonaro's methods, further building on emerging research on the political ecologies of the contemporary populist authoritarian neoliberal turn. Moreover, the article shows the utility of applying a generalized populist authoritarian neoliberal framework to a particular context in order to identify its local processes and specificities.
巴西民粹主义独裁新自由主义:解读博索纳罗的反环境议程
在巴西,迫在眉睫的大规模灭绝威胁促使人们采取越来越多的特殊措施来保护敏感的生物群落。与此同时,这些措施有可能遏制资本主义扩张,从而遏制巴西的新自由主义经济发展模式。Jair Bolsonaro 2018年的总统竞选活动通过煽动反环境情绪和反环保主义敌意来应对这些威胁。就职后,他立即开始拆除国家环境治理结构。然而,他这样做的策略经常被本文所描述的“消防站效应”所掩盖,在这种效应中,他的策略显得混乱、困惑,并且缺乏任何特定的目标。这篇文章结合了对35位环境专家的采访、参与者的观察和对次要来源的审查,在当代向民粹主义独裁新自由主义转变的背景下,深入探讨了博索纳罗的反环境主义。通过关注博索纳罗的政策如何削弱限制资本主义开采的保护性环境措施,这篇文章揭示了博尔索纳罗政府的主要反环境战略。因此,这一框架使我们能够看穿“火屋效应”,从而对博索纳罗的方法有一定的理解,进一步建立在对当代民粹主义-威权主义-新自由主义转向的政治生态的新兴研究之上。此外,文章还展示了将普遍的民粹主义-威权主义-新自由主义框架应用于特定背景的效用,以确定其地方进程和特点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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