Naomi E. Kramer , Lillie Marie A. Barnett , Brian S. Cummings
{"title":"Nephrotoxicity of flame retardants: An understudied but critical toxic endpoint","authors":"Naomi E. Kramer , Lillie Marie A. Barnett , Brian S. Cummings","doi":"10.1016/j.cotox.2022.100359","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Flame retardants<span> are high production volume chemicals<span> that are environmentally persistent and detected in humans. These compounds are known hepatotoxicants and endocrine disruptors; however, studies linking flame retardant exposure to </span></span></span>chronic kidney disease<span> and impaired renal function indicate the kidneys may be at greater risk than previously assumed. Here, we outline the current state of knowledge regarding the toxic effects of two major classes of flame retardants: brominated flame retardants and </span></span>organophosphate<span> flame retardants on the kidney, and discuss several important considerations in flame retardant structure and toxicity evaluation. As flame retardant exposure continues to rise, further studies regarding the direct and indirect mechanisms of nephrotoxicity are urgently needed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":37736,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Opinion in Toxicology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468202022000420","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"TOXICOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Flame retardants are high production volume chemicals that are environmentally persistent and detected in humans. These compounds are known hepatotoxicants and endocrine disruptors; however, studies linking flame retardant exposure to chronic kidney disease and impaired renal function indicate the kidneys may be at greater risk than previously assumed. Here, we outline the current state of knowledge regarding the toxic effects of two major classes of flame retardants: brominated flame retardants and organophosphate flame retardants on the kidney, and discuss several important considerations in flame retardant structure and toxicity evaluation. As flame retardant exposure continues to rise, further studies regarding the direct and indirect mechanisms of nephrotoxicity are urgently needed.
期刊介绍：
The aims and scope of Current Opinion in Toxicology is to systematically provide the reader with timely and provocative views and opinions of the highest qualified and recognized experts on current advances in selected topics within the field of toxicology. The goal is that Current Opinion in Toxicology will be an invaluable source of information and perspective for researchers, teachers, managers and administrators, policy makers and students. Division of the subject into sections: For this purpose, the scope of Toxicology is divided into six selected high impact themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Mechanistic Toxicology, Metabolic Toxicology, Risk assessment in Toxicology, Genomic Toxicology, Systems Toxicology, Translational Toxicology.
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