Public Administration Developments in Ethiopia Under Three Different Regimes

IF 0.3 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
L. Vértesy, Teketel Bekalo Lemango
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Abstract

The paper summarises and analyses the development of the public administration system in Ethiopia under three different regimes. The research mainly follows the traditional legal and administrative history approach methodology, focusing on the most significant historical, political, and legislative events (e.g. adoptions of constitutions) of the given eras, drawing attention to the main problems and reviewing them critically. Under Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974), Ethiopia was a centralised unitary state in the form of a feudal authoritarian monarchy. During the Derg regime (1974–1991), it remained a centralised unitary state, but with the concept of socialism, the military junta concentrated the power in their hands. The different government and administrative systems are characterized by weak and strong political, economic, and social achievements. Among these is a lack of good governance, human rights violations, weak institutional capacities, low citizen participation, and an (in)appropriate public administration system. These brought the nationality question to the forefront. The Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF, 1991–2019) established a decentralised federation, whereby parliamentary democracy guarantees a separation of powers with checks and balances and acknowledges the rights and self-determination of different ethnicities. In 2019 the EPRDF was dissolved and transformed into the Prosperity Party (PP). The reform forced the resignation of the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), the ruling party in the Tigray Region, and as a result, the EPRDF split into PP and TPLF. Meanwhile, public administration transformed from a monarchial administrative system into a weak public administration with poorly functioning state agencies; finally, the present system works under western influences. To mitigate these problems, institutional reforms, effective and efficient use of modern technologies, and inter-institutional cooperation play essential roles in improving the public administration system.
三种不同政权下埃塞俄比亚公共行政的发展
本文总结和分析了三种不同制度下埃塞俄比亚公共行政制度的发展。该研究主要遵循传统的法律和行政史方法方法,重点关注特定时代最重要的历史、政治和立法事件(例如宪法的通过),提请注意主要问题并对其进行批判性审查。在海尔·塞拉西皇帝(1930-1974)的统治下,埃塞俄比亚是一个封建专制君主制的中央集权国家。在德格政权(1974-1991)期间,它仍然是一个中央集权的单一国家,但随着社会主义的概念,军政府将权力集中在他们手中。不同的政府和行政体制以政治、经济和社会成就的强弱为特征。其中包括缺乏良好治理、侵犯人权、机构能力薄弱、公民参与度低以及(不)适当的公共行政制度。这些都把国籍问题带到了前台。埃塞俄比亚人民革命民主阵线(EPRDF, 1991-2019)建立了一个分散的联邦,议会民主保证了权力分立和制衡,并承认不同种族的权利和自决权。2019年,EPRDF解散并转变为繁荣党(PP)。改革迫使提格雷地区的执政党提格雷人民解放阵线(TPLF)辞职,结果,EPRDF分裂为人民党和TPLF。与此同时,公共行政也从君主制的行政体制转变为国家机构运作不佳的弱势公共行政体制;最后,现行制度是在西方影响下运作的。为了减轻这些问题,体制改革、有效和高效率地利用现代技术以及机构间合作在改进公共行政制度方面发挥了重要作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
25.00%
发文量
12
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