Faecal biomarkers as tools to reconstruct land-use history in maar sediments in the Westeifel Volcanic Field, Germany

IF 2.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Boreas Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI:10.1111/bor.12576
Jago J. Birk, Kristina Reetz, Frank Sirocko, David K. Wright, Sabine Fiedler
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The analysis of faecal biomarkers in lake sediments has been used to reconstruct human population densities and animal husbandry practices in an increasing number of studies in recent years. However, terrigenous biomarkers can decompose in soils, can be stored and redeposited in colluvium and on flood-plains prior to their ultimate deposition in lakes. These and other effects can blur and distort biomarker signals. Therefore, we analysed sediments from two maars in Westeifel to evaluate whether signals of the faecal biomarkers (5β-stanols, bile acids) demonstrate statistically significant differences between contrasting periods in land-use intensity. In Holzmaar, palaeoenvironmental data showed evidence for agriculture including cereal cultivation and grassland during the pre-Roman Iron Age and Middle Ages compared with those from periods that were less influenced by land use and showed a higher abundance of broadleaf forest. However, the specific domesticated taxa of livestock in the locale from these periods remain speculative. We found statistically significantly different faecal biomarker signals, which we interpret to be related to an enhanced deposition of faeces of horses, pigs and ruminants in the core sections that represented periods of amplified land use. The analyses of grass- and broadleaf-tree characteristic n-alkanes supported the applicability of biomarkers for land-use reconstruction. Stanol data from a core section dating to the Mesolithic showed no clear results. Analyses of two core sections from Ulmener Maar, which covered periods before and after the decline of elm in the Neolithic, indicated input of pig faeces in the younger section. This study provides important evidence that faecal biomarkers can be used for land-use reconstruction in central European lakes with small catchment areas for time periods from the Neolithic onwards. The results underscore the importance of bile acid analyses in addition to stanol analyses for an identification of faeces inputs from different animals.

Abstract Image

粪便生物标志物作为重建德国Westeifel火山场maar沉积物土地利用历史的工具
近年来,越来越多的研究利用湖泊沉积物中粪便生物标志物的分析来重建人口密度和畜牧业实践。然而,陆源生物标志物可以在土壤中分解,在最终沉积在湖泊之前,可以在崩积层和洪泛平原上储存和再沉积。这些和其他影响会模糊和扭曲生物标记信号。因此,我们分析了来自Westeifel两个maars的沉积物,以评估粪便生物标志物(5β-甾醇,胆汁酸)的信号是否在土地利用强度的不同时期表现出统计学上的显著差异。在Holzmaar,古环境数据显示了前罗马铁器时代和中世纪的农业证据,包括谷物种植和草地,与那些受土地利用影响较小、阔叶林丰度更高的时期相比。然而,从这些时期开始,该地区特定的家畜驯化分类群仍然是推测性的。我们发现了统计学上显著不同的粪便生物标志物信号,我们认为这与代表土地利用扩大时期的核心剖面中马、猪和反刍动物粪便沉积增加有关。牧草和阔叶树特征正构烷烃的分析支持了生物标志物在土地利用重建中的适用性。从中石器时代的岩心中提取的固醇数据没有明确的结果。对Ulmener Maar的两个核心部分的分析,涵盖了新石器时代榆树衰落前后的时期,表明在较年轻的部分输入了猪粪便。这项研究提供了重要的证据,表明粪便生物标志物可以用于新石器时代以来具有小集水区的中欧湖泊的土地利用重建。结果强调了胆汁酸分析的重要性,除了甾醇分析鉴定来自不同动物的粪便输入。
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来源期刊
Boreas
Boreas 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
4.50%
发文量
36
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Boreas has been published since 1972. Articles of wide international interest from all branches of Quaternary research are published. Biological as well as non-biological aspects of the Quaternary environment, in both glaciated and non-glaciated areas, are dealt with: Climate, shore displacement, glacial features, landforms, sediments, organisms and their habitat, and stratigraphical and chronological relationships. Anticipated international interest, at least within a continent or a considerable part of it, is a main criterion for the acceptance of papers. Besides articles, short items like discussion contributions and book reviews are published.
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