Malaria with Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report

Abstract

This case report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 34-year-old male patient with malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, complicated by immune hemolytic anemia. The patient initially presented with a one-day history of fever and feeling unwell, but the diagnosis of malaria was initially missed. Four days later, during the second follow-up visit, the patient was administered Artemisinin and Piperaquine tablets. Despite this treatment, persistent symptoms and hemolytic anemia necessitated multiple treatment modifications. Subsequent evaluation confirmed the presence of immune hemolytic anemia associated with malaria. The patient was then treated with intravenous methylprednisolone and received a blood transfusion. This case underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing severe malaria and its immune-related complications.