{"title":"Refined and Generalized hat Z Invariants for Plumbed 3-Manifolds","authors":"Song Jin Ri","doi":"10.3842/SIGMA.2023.011","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a two-variable refinement $\\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ of plumbed 3-manifold invariants $\\hat{Z}_a(q)$, which were previously defined for weakly negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds. We also provide a number of explicit examples in which we argue the recovering process to obtain $\\hat{Z}_a(q)$ from $\\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ by taking a limit $ t\\rightarrow 1 $. For plumbed 3-manifolds with two high-valency vertices, we analytically compute the limit by using the explicit integer solutions of quadratic Diophantine equations in two variables. Based on numerical computations of the recovered $\\hat{Z}_a(q)$ for plumbings with two high-valency vertices, we propose a conjecture that the recovered $\\hat{Z}_a(q)$, if exists, is an invariant for all tree plumbed 3-manifolds. Finally, we provide a formula of the $\\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ for the connected sum of plumbed 3-manifolds in terms of those for the components.","PeriodicalId":49453,"journal":{"name":"Symmetry Integrability and Geometry-Methods and Applications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Symmetry Integrability and Geometry-Methods and Applications","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2023.011","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
We introduce a two-variable refinement $\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ of plumbed 3-manifold invariants $\hat{Z}_a(q)$, which were previously defined for weakly negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds. We also provide a number of explicit examples in which we argue the recovering process to obtain $\hat{Z}_a(q)$ from $\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ by taking a limit $ t\rightarrow 1 $. For plumbed 3-manifolds with two high-valency vertices, we analytically compute the limit by using the explicit integer solutions of quadratic Diophantine equations in two variables. Based on numerical computations of the recovered $\hat{Z}_a(q)$ for plumbings with two high-valency vertices, we propose a conjecture that the recovered $\hat{Z}_a(q)$, if exists, is an invariant for all tree plumbed 3-manifolds. Finally, we provide a formula of the $\hat{Z}_a(q,t)$ for the connected sum of plumbed 3-manifolds in terms of those for the components.
期刊介绍:
Scope
Geometrical methods in mathematical physics
Lie theory and differential equations
Classical and quantum integrable systems
Algebraic methods in dynamical systems and chaos
Exactly and quasi-exactly solvable models
Lie groups and algebras, representation theory
Orthogonal polynomials and special functions
Integrable probability and stochastic processes
Quantum algebras, quantum groups and their representations
Symplectic, Poisson and noncommutative geometry
Algebraic geometry and its applications
Quantum field theories and string/gauge theories
Statistical physics and condensed matter physics
Quantum gravity and cosmology.