{"title":"PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTOR THAT CAUSED ASTHMA IN CHILDREN AT SUMBANG 1 PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER PERIOD OF JANUARY 2018- DECEMBER 2020","authors":"Abiel Amazia Putri, Indah Rahmawati, Hajid Rahmadianto Mardihusodo","doi":"10.20884/1.mandala.2022.15.1.5559","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRAK \n \nAsma merupakan penyakit kronik dengan kumpulan tanda dan gejala berupa batuk, sesak nafas dan mengi secara episodik dan bersifat reversibel akibat dari reaksi inflamasi kronik saluran pernafasan yang mengakibatkan bronkus menjadi hipereaktif terhadap berbagai rangsangan. Prevalensi asma tertinggi terjadi pada usia anak-anak. Terdapat 3 faktor risiko penyebab asma yaitu, faktor genetik, faktor risiko lingkungan dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor-faktor risiko penyebab asma pada anak di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan survei deskriptif observasional dengan analisis univariat dan penyajian data menggunakan tabel proporsi dan grafik kolom. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 pasien anak dari Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 30 responden penderita asma dengan faktor genetik yang terdiri dari riwayat keluarga asma terdapat 20 responden (66,67%). Pada faktor lingkungan yaitu alergen bulu hewan peliharaan terdapat 12 responden (40%) dan alergen tungau debu terdapat 17 responden (56,67), sedangkan faktor lainya yaitu paparan asap rokok terdapat 17 responden (56,67%), polusi udara terdapat 11 responden (36,67%), udara dingin terdapat 20 responden (66,67%) serta riwayat infeksi terdapat 16 orang (53,33%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko penyebab asma tertinggi di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020 adalah faktor genetik dan udara dingin dan faktor terendah penyebab asma di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020 adalah faktor lainnya yaitu polusi udara. \nKata kunci: Asma, Anak, Faktor Risiko Asma \n \n \n \nABSTRACT \n \nAsthma is a chronic disease with a collection of signs and symptoms in the form of coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing in an episodic and reversible nature due to chronic inflammatory reactions of the respiratory tract which causes the bronchi to become hyperreactive to various stimuli. The highest prevalence of asthma occurs in childhood. 3 risk factors cause asthma, namely, genetic factors, environmental risk factors, and other factors. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for asthma in children at Sumbang 1 Public Health Center Period of January 2018- December 2020. This study used an observational descriptive survey with univariate analysis and data presentation using proportion tables and column graphs. Sampling used a total sampling technique with a total of 30 pediatric patients from the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020. Data collection was carried out by interviewing and filling out questionnaires. The results showed that 30 respondents with asthma with genetic factors consisting of a family history of asthma were 20 respondents (66.67%). Based on the result of this study, there are 12 respondents (40%) on environmental factors namely pet fur allergens and there are 17 respondents (56.67%) on dust mite allergens, while other factors namely exposure to cigarette smoke there are 17 respondents (56.67%), air pollution there are 11 respondents (36,67%), cold air there are 20 respondents (66.67%), and a history of infection there were 16 people (53.33%). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the highest risk factors for asthma in the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020 are genetic factors and cold air and the lowest risk factor causing asthma in the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020 is another factor, namely air pollution. \nKeywords: Asthma, Children, Risk Factors of Asthma.","PeriodicalId":32014,"journal":{"name":"Mandala of Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mandala of Health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20884/1.mandala.2022.15.1.5559","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Asma merupakan penyakit kronik dengan kumpulan tanda dan gejala berupa batuk, sesak nafas dan mengi secara episodik dan bersifat reversibel akibat dari reaksi inflamasi kronik saluran pernafasan yang mengakibatkan bronkus menjadi hipereaktif terhadap berbagai rangsangan. Prevalensi asma tertinggi terjadi pada usia anak-anak. Terdapat 3 faktor risiko penyebab asma yaitu, faktor genetik, faktor risiko lingkungan dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor-faktor risiko penyebab asma pada anak di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan survei deskriptif observasional dengan analisis univariat dan penyajian data menggunakan tabel proporsi dan grafik kolom. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 pasien anak dari Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 30 responden penderita asma dengan faktor genetik yang terdiri dari riwayat keluarga asma terdapat 20 responden (66,67%). Pada faktor lingkungan yaitu alergen bulu hewan peliharaan terdapat 12 responden (40%) dan alergen tungau debu terdapat 17 responden (56,67), sedangkan faktor lainya yaitu paparan asap rokok terdapat 17 responden (56,67%), polusi udara terdapat 11 responden (36,67%), udara dingin terdapat 20 responden (66,67%) serta riwayat infeksi terdapat 16 orang (53,33%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor risiko penyebab asma tertinggi di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020 adalah faktor genetik dan udara dingin dan faktor terendah penyebab asma di Puskesmas Sumbang 1 periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020 adalah faktor lainnya yaitu polusi udara.
Kata kunci: Asma, Anak, Faktor Risiko Asma
ABSTRACT
Asthma is a chronic disease with a collection of signs and symptoms in the form of coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing in an episodic and reversible nature due to chronic inflammatory reactions of the respiratory tract which causes the bronchi to become hyperreactive to various stimuli. The highest prevalence of asthma occurs in childhood. 3 risk factors cause asthma, namely, genetic factors, environmental risk factors, and other factors. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for asthma in children at Sumbang 1 Public Health Center Period of January 2018- December 2020. This study used an observational descriptive survey with univariate analysis and data presentation using proportion tables and column graphs. Sampling used a total sampling technique with a total of 30 pediatric patients from the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020. Data collection was carried out by interviewing and filling out questionnaires. The results showed that 30 respondents with asthma with genetic factors consisting of a family history of asthma were 20 respondents (66.67%). Based on the result of this study, there are 12 respondents (40%) on environmental factors namely pet fur allergens and there are 17 respondents (56.67%) on dust mite allergens, while other factors namely exposure to cigarette smoke there are 17 respondents (56.67%), air pollution there are 11 respondents (36,67%), cold air there are 20 respondents (66.67%), and a history of infection there were 16 people (53.33%). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the highest risk factors for asthma in the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020 are genetic factors and cold air and the lowest risk factor causing asthma in the Sumbang 1 Public Health Center for the period January 2018-December 2020 is another factor, namely air pollution.
Keywords: Asthma, Children, Risk Factors of Asthma.