Studying the Relationship between the Maximum Electron Density with the Critical Frequency in the Ionospheric E-Layer over Kirkuk City During the Solar Cycle 24

Abstract

This research aims to study the relationship between the values of maximum electron density (NmE) with the critical frequency (foE) of ionospheric E layer over Kirkuk city (lon: 44° E, lat: 35° N) which was obtained through the use of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI2016) during the years (2008, 2014, 2018), which represents each (ascending phase, peak, desending phase) for the solar cycle 24, and in dates (22 December, 20 March, 20 June and 22 September) which represent the days of (Winter solstice, Spring equinox, Summer solstice, Autumn equinox) respectively. The results indicated that there is a strong linear correlation between the values of maximum electron density with critical frequency where the values of correlation coefficients ranged between (0.984) – (0.998), and this indicates that with the increase in maximum electron density the critical frequency increase, and vice versa.