Arctic Identity: Between Frontier and Homeland

Abstract

This article discusses the processes through which Arctic identity is shaped, using surveys, interviews, media, and document analysis. How has Arctic identity emerged, and why? The aim is not only to trace historical and cultural elements, but to explore their formation and place them within processes of larger regional transformations. To discuss these processes in depth, three perspectives are used: territorial, symbolic, and institutional. The case of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in Russia demonstrates that Arctic identity is not always manifested blatantly but rather performed through certain activities. Its emergence has been in response to challenges: it was in economic turmoil following the dissolution of the Soviet state and growing environmental concerns that drove development of Arctic identity in the northern region. Moreover, opening of the borders and development of international relations enabled a strong sense of shared identity among Sakha (Yakutia) citizens and other northerners of the world.