Perspectives of men with early onset substance dependence: A qualitative enquiry into recovery

Abstract

Background: Literature in the area of substance dependence treatment and outcomes is vast. However, the meaning of recovery and its processes from the perspectives of men with substance dependence are limited in literature. Their voices and felt needs in treatment are pertinent in prevention of substance dependence and improving treatment engagement. Aim: This study aimed to explore perspectives on recovery of men with early-onset substance dependence who sought treatment in a deaddiction centre of a tertiary care hospital in India. Methods: The study had a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview schedule (SIS) was prepared for 30 male patients who developed substance dependence at an early age (≤22 years). Results: The mean age of the sample was 26.47 years (standard deviation = 6.13). The SIS elicited perceived facilitators and barriers to recovery. Thematic analysis of interviews revealed themes about the subjective beliefs about recovery and its definition from the patients' perspectives, which included goals concerning substance use, lifestyle, personal growth, and the role of family and ecological factors. Conclusion: The model of recovery developed based on the findings of this study elucidates factors in recovery and provides inputs for psychotherapy for substance dependence. The role of family in recovery from alcohol and dependence has been highlighted. It presents need for research in the area of family psychotherapy for men with substance dependence.