Techniques of Insertion and Early Clinical Impressions with a Short Curved Tissue Sparing Implant for Total Hip Arthroplasty (The French Experience)

Abstract

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most effective orthopedic procedures, providing consistently high success rates across all population segments as measured by pain relief, improved function, and patient satisfaction. However clinical outcomes have been less favorable in young active patients, that lead to the re-development of metal on metal hip resurfacing (HR), with the most successful being the Birmingham Hip Replacement (BHR) introduced in 1997. Evolving complications due to increased metal ion debris has lead to a great reduction of use for all metal on metal (MOM) HR designs, leading many surgeons and patients to look for an alternative surgical selection. This search has focused on the development and use of short stems for THA. One such style of short stems is curved neck preserving designs. This paper will review our French experience with one of those designs.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of four surgeons series of a short curved tissue sparing cementless femoral implant (TSI™ Hip Stem, Signature Orthopaedics) for THA. The femoral component was used with two different cementless acetabular styles (Mathys RM Pressfit, and Zimmer Biomet Allofit®). Results on the cups will not be revived in this paper. 150 TSI™ Stems by four surgeons at the same institution utilizing the posterior surgical approach since September 2016. 40% women, average age 66 years with extremes of 27 to 78 years. 10 cases of dysplastic hips, 6 cases of aseptic osteonecrosis, 1 fracture, 1 rheumatoid coxitis, and the rest primary coxathosis, with 7 patients operated on both hips at the same time. 23.3 % have been Dorr type A canal shape.Results: There has been no aseptic loosing, three femoral components have been explanted due to postoperative infection. There was one intra-operative femoral distal fracture in a Dorr type A bone profile during stem insertion. One posterior dislocation; there has been two patients with thigh pain with pathological bone scan, and one with low back pain and no leg length discrepancies greater than plus or minus 5 mm.Conclusion: This short curved tissue sparing implant has demonstrated excellent initial short-term results, with excellent implant stability, excellent medial calcar bone remodeling with one dislocated stem, two thigh pain and one patient with low back pain. One distal intra-operative fracture in a Dorr type A bone. This has now been addressed with the use of distal sizing gauges and the use of flexible reamers to open the distal canal prior to stem insertion. Removal of the infected stems demonstrated implant stability with early bone attachment in the proximal porous surface. The high neck resection allows for ease of revision and conversion implanting a new primary conventional length cementless stem design.There is a short but definitive learning curve in fitting the implant to the femoral neck versus the standard metaphyseal and diaphyseal conventional style stems.