Resident physicians’ advice seeking and error making: A social networks approach

Abstract

Background Resident physicians are especially at risk of being involved in medical errors because they bear tremendous responsibility for patient care yet are still in the process of learning and mastering their profession. To increase knowledge and gain information, they create a professional-instrumental network, that is, the deliberate initiation of advice ties with senior physicians. Purpose We aim to explore whether and how residents’ networking with senior physicians is associated with their error rates. Specifically, we aim to identify whether the centralities of residents (advice seekers) and senior physicians (advice givers) in the social network are associated with residents’ error rates. Methodology We surveyed 142 resident physicians working in 22 wards in two general hospitals about whom and how frequently they consult using a sociometric technique. Information about errors made in a 3-month period was collected independently. Results Residents made less errors when they sought advice from few senior physicians but consulted more frequently with focal senior physicians (those whom many other advice seekers frequently consult). However, when residents sought advice from many senior physicians, their frequency of consultation with focal senior physicians was not associated with their number of errors. These effects were more pronounced for residents at the beginning of their residency period. Conclusions Results of this study provide evidence of a specific association between resident physicians’ consultation patterns and their error rates. Practice Implications Results inform ward managers about ways to leverage opportunities and remove constraints for residents to ask for advice and for focal physicians to provide it.