A dataset of vegetation phenology and change trends with a resolution of 500m of on the Mongolian Plateau (2001–2019)

Abstract

Located in the highland of Eurasia, the Mongolian Plateau, a typical arid and semi-arid region, is highly sensitive to climate change. Vegetation phenology is the most intuitive and sensitive biological indicator of seasonal and interannual changes of climatic conditions. Vegetation phenology data can be used to explore the ecological situation and climate change of the Mongolian Plateau. Based on THE MODIS land cover Dynamic Product (MCD12Q2 C6), in this paper, we used non-parametric Theil-Sen Median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance test to extract sub-datasets, Mosaic, projection transformation and cropping. In this way, we obtained the data of four phenological periods (namely the beginning time, the end time, the length of the growing season and the peak time of the growing season) and the change trend data of vegetation of 500m resolution on the Mongolian Plateau from 2001 to 2019. This dataset can reflect the spatio-temporal changes of vegetation phenology in 19 years on the Mongolian Plateau. Combined with climate factors such as temperature and precipitation, it can be used to explore the response and feedback mechanism of vegetation phenology change to environmental factors, and provide data support for vegetation change analysis, climate change, carbon cycle and other studies.