Risk factors for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Abuja, Nigeria: A prospective case-control study

M. Ayogu, G. Akaba, R. Offiong, N. Adewole, B. Ekele
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality throughout the world, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. The study determined the risk factors for the development of HDP among women who booked early for antenatal care. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case-control study conducted from March 2015 to March 2016 involving pregnant women with gestational age less than 20 weeks at booking and were followed up until delivery and 6 weeks postpartum. Information on gestational age at recruitment, at diagnosis of HDP, mode of delivery, and fetal outcome were recorded. Risk factors for HDP were compared between women who developed HDP (cases) and those who did not develop HDP (controls) by Fisher's exact test, Chi-square, and student's t-tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the relationship between certain risk factors and the development of HDP. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of HDP in the study was 19.4%. Family history of preeclampsia (OR: 5.339, 95% CI: 1.149–24.818, P = 0.033); previous history of preeclampsia (OR: 10.819, 95% CI: 3.570–32.792, P < 0.001); multifetal gestation (OR: 13.275, 95% CI: 2.899–38.127, P = 0.010); chronic hypertension (OR: 3.431, 95% CI: 1.778–8.710, P < 0.001) and diabetes; (OR: 2.846 95% CI: 0.460–17.584, P < 0.251) were the risk factors associated with the development of HDP among the study population while nulliparity (OR: 0.726, 95% CI 0.366–1.440, P = 0.395); body mass index (BMI) (mean ± SD), (OR: 0.405, 95% CI: 0.173–0.945, P < 0.037);and low educational level (OR: 0.582, 95% CI: 0.070–4.857, P = 0.613) were not. Conclusion: The prevalence of HDP in the study group was high. Risk factors for HDP included family history of hypertension, previous history of preeclampsia, multifetal gestation, and chronic hypertension.
尼日利亚阿布贾妊娠期高血压疾病的危险因素:一项前瞻性病例对照研究
背景:妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)是全世界孕产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率的重要原因,尤其是在尼日利亚等发展中国家。这项研究确定了早期预约产前护理的女性患HDP的风险因素。材料和方法:这是一项前瞻性病例对照研究,于2015年3月至2016年3月进行,涉及预订时胎龄小于20周的孕妇,并随访至分娩和产后6周。记录招募时的胎龄、HDP诊断时的信息、分娩方式和胎儿结局。通过Fisher精确检验、卡方检验和学生t检验,比较HDP(病例)和未发生HDP(对照)的女性之间的HDP风险因素。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来检验某些危险因素与HDP发展之间的关系。小于0.05的P值被认为具有统计学意义。结果:研究中HDP的患病率为19.4%。先兆子痫家族史(OR:5.339,95%CI:1.149-24.818,P=0.033);先兆子痫病史(OR:10.819,95%CI:3.570–32.792,P<0.001);多胎妊娠(OR:13.275,95%CI:2.899–38.127,P=0.010);慢性高血压(OR:3.431,95%CI:1.778-8.710,P<0.001)和糖尿病;(OR:2.846,95%可信区间:0.460–17.584,P<0.251)是研究人群在无产时发生HDP的相关风险因素(OR:0.726,95%可信范围0.366–1.440,P=0.395);体重指数(BMI)(平均值±SD),(OR:0.405,95%CI:0.173–0.945,P<0.037);而低文化程度(OR:0.582,95%CI:0.070–4.857,P=0.613)则没有。结论:研究组HDP患病率较高。HDP的危险因素包括高血压家族史、先兆子痫病史、多胎妊娠和慢性高血压。
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