Wood Adhesives Based on Natural Resources: A Critical Review: Part IV. Special Topics

IF 3.5 Q2 Materials Science
M. Dunky
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Various naturally-based chemicals can be used directly as wood adhesives or are precursors for the synthesis of adhesive resins. Liquefaction and pyrolysis of wood yield various smaller chemicals derived from the different wood components, which then are used in the preparation of adhesives by replacing mainly phenol as raw material. The possible replacement of formaldehyde in aminoplastic and phenolic resins would solve the question of the subsequent formaldehyde emission. The multiple unsaturations of the triglycerides in vegetable oils enable polymerization for the direct synthesis of thermosets, as well as bases for polyfunctionalization and crosslinking. Natural polymers, such as poly(lactic acid)s (PLAs), natural rubber, or poly(hyhydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) are thermoplastics and can be used for various special applications in wood bonding, in case they can also be crosslinked. For other thermoplastic wood adhesives, such as PUR or PA, chemicals based on natural resources can at least replace a part or even all synthetic raw materials (monomers); these monomers derive from targeted decomposition of the wood material in biorefineries. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) can be used as as sole adhesives or as components of adhesives. Hydrogen bonding has a key function in binder applications related to adhesion between cellulose nanoparticles and other materials. CNFs are able to establish strong bonding between wood particles/fibres through flexible and strong films by a simple drying process. Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a by-product of the cashew nut processing with cardanol (CD) as main component. CD-formaldehyde resins show improved flexibility compared to phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins; CD can replace up to 40% of the phenol.
基于自然资源的木材胶粘剂:综述:第四部分:专题
各种天然基化学品可以直接用作木材粘合剂或是合成粘合剂树脂的前体。木材的液化和热解产生从不同的木材成分中衍生出的各种较小的化学物质,然后通过主要取代苯酚作为原料,将其用于制备粘合剂。氨基塑料和酚醛树脂中甲醛的可能替代将解决随后甲醛释放的问题。植物油中甘油三酯的多种不饱和使得能够聚合用于热固性树脂的直接合成,以及用于多官能化和交联的碱。天然聚合物,如聚乳酸(PLA)、天然橡胶或聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)是热塑性塑料,可用于木材粘合的各种特殊应用,前提是它们也可交联。对于其他热塑性木材粘合剂,如PUR或PA,基于自然资源的化学品至少可以取代一部分甚至全部合成原料(单体);这些单体来源于生物炼制中木质材料的定向分解。纤维素纳米纤维(CNFs)可以用作鞋底粘合剂或粘合剂的成分。氢键在与纤维素纳米颗粒和其他材料之间的粘附相关的粘合剂应用中具有关键功能。CNFs能够通过简单的干燥过程,通过柔性和坚固的薄膜,在木材颗粒/纤维之间建立牢固的结合。腰果果壳液是腰果加工过程中以腰果醇(CD)为主要成分的副产品。与苯酚-甲醛(PF)树脂相比,CD-甲醛树脂显示出改进的柔韧性;CD可以取代高达40%的苯酚。
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来源期刊
Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives
Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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期刊介绍: With the explosion of research activity and reports, the need for concise and critical reviews of topics of contemporary research interest is manifest. Reviews of Adhesion and Adhesives (RAA) provides in-depth, incisive, illuminating and thought-provoking reviews written by subject matter experts covering all aspects of adhesion science and adhesive technology. Each review will be imbued with the author’s experience so that the reader will be able to assimilate the research in the area discussed easily and will be able to apply it in practice.The journal has relevance to a myriad of industries including textiles, printing, coatings, aerospace, medical, nanotechnology, biotechnology, building and construction, and microelectronics. The topics to be covered include, but not limited to, basic and theoretical aspects of adhesion; modeling of adhesion phenomena; mecha¬nisms of adhesion; surface and interfacial analysis and characterization; unraveling of events at interfaces; characterization of interphases; adhesion of thin films and coatings; adhesion aspects in reinforced composites; formation, characterization and durability of adhesive joints; surface preparation methods; polymer surface modification; biological adhesion; particle adhesion; adhesion of metallized plastics; adhesion of diamond-like films; adhesion pro¬moters; contact angle, wettability· and adhesion; superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity. With regard to adhesives, RAA will include, but not limited to, green adhesives; novel and high-performance adhesives; and medical adhesive applications.
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