Simplified exergy analysis of ship heating systems with different heat carriers and with the recovery of waste heat

IF 0.8 Q4 THERMODYNAMICS

Archives of Thermodynamics Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI:10.24425/ather.2019.130002

W. Zeńczak

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The application of waste heat from exhaust gas of ship’s main engines has become widely practiced as early as in the 1930s. Thus the increase of ship’s overall eﬃciency was improved. Nowadays all newly built ships of the 400 gross tonnage and above must have speciﬁed energy eﬃciency design index, which is a measure for CO 2 emissions of the ship and its impact on the environment. Therefore, the design of waste heat recovery systems requires special attention. The use of these systems is one of the basic ways to reduce CO 2 emissions and to improve the ship’s energy eﬃciency. The paper describes the ship’s heating systems designed for the use of waste heat contained in the exhaust gas of self-ignition engines, in which the heat carriers are respectively water vapor, water or thermal oil. Selected results of comparative exergy analysis of simpliﬁed steam, water and oil heating systems have been presented. The results indicate that the oil heating system is comparable to the water system in terms of internal exergy losses. However, larger losses of exergy occur in the case of a steam system. In the steam system, a signiﬁcant loss is caused by the need to cool the condensate to avoid cavitation in boiler feed pumps. This loss can in many cases cause the negative heat balance of ship during sea voyage while using only the exhaust gas boilers.

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具有不同热载体和废热回收的船舶供暖系统的简化火用分析

早在20世纪30年代，船舶主机废气余热的应用就已得到广泛实践。因此，船舶整体效率的提高得到了改善。如今，所有400总吨位及以上的新建船舶都必须具有特定的能效设计指数，该指数是衡量船舶二氧化碳排放及其对环境影响的指标。因此，废热回收系统的设计需要特别注意。使用这些系统是减少二氧化碳排放和提高船舶能源效率的基本方法之一。本文介绍了为利用自燃发动机废气中的废热而设计的船舶加热系统，其中的热载体分别是水蒸气、水或热油。介绍了简化蒸汽、水和油加热系统的比较火用分析的选定结果。结果表明，在内部火用损失方面，油加热系统与水系统相当。然而，在蒸汽系统的情况下，会发生更大的火用损失。在蒸汽系统中，由于需要冷却冷凝水以避免锅炉给水泵出现气穴现象，因此会造成显著损失。在许多情况下，这种损失会导致船舶在海上航行中仅使用废气锅炉时的负热平衡。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Thermodynamics THERMODYNAMICS-

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

22.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： The aim of the Archives of Thermodynamics is to disseminate knowledge between scientists and engineers interested in thermodynamics and heat transfer and to provide a forum for original research conducted in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as all over the world. The journal encompass all aspect of the field, ranging from classical thermodynamics, through conduction heat transfer to thermodynamic aspects of multiphase flow. Both theoretical and applied contributions are welcome. Only original papers written in English are consider for publication.