Timing and severity of crop load management influences technological maturity, terpene synthase expression and free terpene accumulation in Gewürztraminer grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

IF 2.5 3区农林科学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI:10.1111/ajgw.12565

Y. Kovalenko, J. VanderWeide, R. Tindjau, W.F. Zandberg, S.D. Castellarin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and Aims

Terpenes are volatile organic compounds that influence the composition of many winegrape cultivars. Terpene accumulation is variable between seasons and locations, influencing vintage composition. Crop load management (CLM) is a cultural practice utilised to improve grape composition; however, the impact of CLM on terpene biosynthesis and accumulation in winegrapes remains largely unknown.

Methods and Results

Crop load management was applied to Gewürztraminer vines at two developmental stages: bunch closure [early (E)] and veraison [late (L)], and two crop loads: 50% removal [light crop (LC)] and 25% removal [medium crop (MC)] and compared to a Control [high crop (HC)] over three seasons. We considered early-harvest (22.5°Brix in HC) and harvest (23.4°Brix in HC) dates. The LC treatments improved TSS at both harvests; however, LC-E accelerated ripening compared to LC-L. The concentration of total free terpenes was highest in LC-E only at early-harvest. Free α-phellandrene, β-citronellol, geranic acid, geraniol, myrcene and nerol dictated this pattern. Although LC-E increased glycosylated geraniol at early-harvest, the concentration of total glycosylated terpenes was not altered. The expression of four terpene synthase (TPS) genes was increased by LC-E at early-harvest.

Conclusions

The LC-E treatment accelerated technological maturity, and increased the expression of TPSs and free terpene accumulation at the early-harvest stage.

Significance of the Study

This work provides valuable insight into the capacity of CLM to modulate terpenes in aromatic winegrapes.

Abstract Image

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作物负荷管理的时间和严重程度影响Gewürztraminer葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）的技术成熟度、萜烯合酶表达和游离萜烯积累

背景与目的萜烯是影响许多酿酒葡萄品种成分的挥发性有机化合物。萜烯积累随季节和地点的不同而变化，影响着年份成分。作物负荷管理(CLM)是一种用于改善葡萄成分的文化实践;然而，CLM对酿酒葡萄中萜烯的生物合成和积累的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。方法与结果采用作物负荷管理对gew rztraminer葡萄植株在两个发育阶段:束闭[早期(E)]和变茬[晚期(L)]，以及两个作物负荷:50%去除[轻作物(LC)]和25%去除[中作物(MC)]，并与对照[高作物(HC)]进行了3个季节的比较。我们考虑了早期收获(HC中22.5°白锐度)和收获(HC中23.4°白锐度)的日期。LC处理提高了两个收获期的TSS;但LC-E比LC-L催熟更快。总游离萜含量仅在早期收获时最高。游离的α-香蒜烯、β-香茅醇、天竺葵酸、香叶醇、月桂烯和橙花醇决定了这种模式。虽然LC-E在收获早期增加了糖基化香叶醇，但总糖基化萜烯的浓度没有改变。LC-E提高了4个萜烯合成酶(TPS)基因的表达。结论LC-E处理加速了技术成熟，增加了采收前期tps的表达和游离萜烯的积累。本研究对CLM调节芳香葡萄中萜烯的能力提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research provides a forum for the exchange of information about new and significant research in viticulture, oenology and related fields, and aims to promote these disciplines throughout the world. The Journal publishes results from original research in all areas of viticulture and oenology. This includes issues relating to wine, table and drying grape production; grapevine and rootstock biology, genetics, diseases and improvement; viticultural practices; juice and wine production technologies; vine and wine microbiology; quality effects of processing, packaging and inputs; wine chemistry; sensory science and consumer preferences; and environmental impacts of grape and wine production. Research related to other fermented or distilled beverages may also be considered. In addition to full-length research papers and review articles, short research or technical papers presenting new and highly topical information derived from a complete study (i.e. not preliminary data) may also be published. Special features and supplementary issues comprising the proceedings of workshops and conferences will appear periodically.