Assessment of the effects of acid rain on the biosphere in Mosul City / Iraq

Q3 Environmental Science
Ayham T. Alrawi
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Acid rain is any precipitation with a very low pH, whereas normal rain water is slightly acidic with a pH range of 5-6, but the pH level of rain water falls below this range, becoming acid rain. It happens as a result of wet and dry deposition from the atmosphere of chemical pollutants emitted by various human activities. Dry deposition is more frequent and effective than wet deposition. It was found that the leading cause of acid rain is the emission of gaseous oxides of sulfur, nitrogen and carbon. These environmental pollutants come from various human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, combustible waste, vehicle exhausts, thermal power projects, the combustion of vegetation and wastes of wars. These chemical pollutants interact with different precipitation such as; rain, cloud, fog and snow water, which is formed in the case of sulfuric, nitric and carbonic acids, then shows its impact on the lithosphere, water and atmosphere, in addition to its impact on other ecosystems such as; Forests, agricultural crops, soil, buildings and aquatic organisms, as well as human health. The risk of acid rain is controlled by reducing the emissions of gases to neutralize acidity which requires enacting laws and do enforce efforts to reduce pollution and control acid rain on all production projects. Our current study aims to assess the acidity of the rainwater, and it has been proven that the relative pH of the rainwater in the city of Mosul has decreased in the past two years (2020/2021-2021/2022) from (6.5 to 5.8), which requires knowing its causes, effects, and methods to limiting its consequences.
酸雨对伊拉克摩苏尔市生物圈影响的评估
酸雨是指pH值非常低的任何降水,而正常的雨水是微酸性的,pH值范围为5-6,但雨水的pH值低于该范围,成为酸雨。它是由各种人类活动排放的化学污染物在大气中的湿沉降和干沉降造成的。干沉积比湿沉积更频繁、更有效。研究发现,酸雨的主要原因是硫、氮和碳的气态氧化物的排放。这些环境污染物来自各种人类活动,如燃烧化石燃料、可燃废物、汽车尾气、火电项目、燃烧植被和战争废物。这些化学污染物与不同的降水相互作用,例如:;在硫酸、硝酸和碳酸的情况下形成的雨、云、雾和雪水,除了对其他生态系统的影响外,还显示出对岩石圈、水和大气的影响;森林、农作物、土壤、建筑物和水生生物,以及人类健康。酸雨的风险是通过减少气体排放来中和酸度来控制的,这需要制定法律,并在所有生产项目中努力减少污染和控制酸雨。我们目前的研究旨在评估雨水的酸度,事实证明,摩苏尔市雨水的相对pH在过去两年(2020/2021/2022)中已从(6.5降至5.8),这需要了解其原因、影响和限制其后果的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
56
审稿时长
8 weeks
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