Insect Visitors of Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. petraea (Malvaceae) and Their Effect on Flower, Fruit, and Seed Production

IF 0.5 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Northwest Science Pub Date : 2020-04-22 DOI:10.3955/046.094.0105

C. S. Ferguson, P. Schroeder, K. Donham, Marcia L. Wineteer

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Abstract

Abstract This study sought to document potential insect pollinators of Neil Rock checkerbloom, Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. petraea (Malvaceae) and measure the effects of pollinator exclusion and plant type on flower, fruit, and seed production. Prior to this study, the pollination requirements of this gynodioecious plant were unknown and potentially complicated by its hermaphroditic and female-only plant types. Analyses showed that pollinator exclusion had no effect on mean number of flowers produced per raceme but significantly reduced the mean number of fruits produced per raceme and mean number of fruits produced per flower, as well as the mean number of seeds produced per raceme in both female-only and hermaphroditic plants. These results suggested that S. hickmanii ssp. petraea is pollinator dependent. Six orders (Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hemiptera) representing 29 taxa of insects (primarily Hymenoptera – notably Osmia and Hoplitis, and Coleoptera – notably Anthonomus and Trichodes) were collected from flowering S. hickmanii ssp. petraea plants. Adult Anthonomus weevils were observed selectively feeding on the developing fruits of hermaphroditic over female-only plants. This selective predation may have a significant impact on the maintenance of gynodioecy in this endemic, narrowly-isolated subspecies of Sidalcea hickmanii.

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山菖蒲的访虫者。锦葵属植物及其对花、果、种生产的影响

摘要本研究试图记录Neil Rock跳花，Sidalcea hickmanii ssp的潜在昆虫传粉昆虫。petraea（锦葵科），并测量传粉昆虫排除和植物类型对花朵、果实和种子生产的影响。在这项研究之前，这种雌雄同体植物的授粉需求是未知的，并且可能因其雌雄同体和仅雌性的植物类型而变得复杂。分析表明，排除传粉昆虫对每个总状花序的平均花朵数没有影响，但显著降低了每个总状花序产生的平均果实数、每个花朵产生的平均水果数，以及纯雌性和两性植物每个总状花序产生的平均种子数。这些结果表明，希克马尼S.hickmanii ssp。petraea依赖传粉昆虫。六个目（膜翅目、鞘翅目、同翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目和半翅目）代表29个昆虫分类群（主要是膜翅目——主要是Osmia和Hoplitis，鞘翅目——主要是Anthonomus和Trichodes）。petraea植物。观察到成年Anthonomus象鼻虫选择性地以雌雄同体的发育果实为食，而不是仅以雌性为食。这种选择性捕食可能会对这种地方性的、狭窄隔离的希克马亚种的雌虫群落的维持产生重大影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Northwest Science 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>36 weeks

期刊介绍： The pages of Northwest Science are open to original and fundamental research in the basic, applied, and social sciences. All submissions are refereed by at least two qualified peer reviewers. Papers are welcome from authors outside of the Pacific Northwest if the topic is suitable to our regional audience.