Giant true inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm associated with celiac axis occlusion: A first case of successful treatment with covered balloon-expandable stent grafting using VBX

Abstract

Giant visceral artery aneurysms are uncommon. Branch vessel aneurysms, particularly of the pancreaticoduodenal territory are challenging to treat due to their location, anatomy, and access to an aneurysm. While open surgical resection is associated with significant morbidity, endovascular treatment is becoming increasingly mainstream. The utilization of coil embolization, particularly in the setting of rupture has been well described. Access and platform in these settings often involve the celiac axis. We describe unusual care of a large inferior pancreaticoduodenal aneurysm and associated retroperitoneal bleed, being fed through an ectatic superior mesenteric artery. This was associated with an occluded celiac axis. Due to the unusually large proximal and distal landing zones, a covered balloon-expandable stent was deployable with the successful exclusion of the aneurysm. This is the first reported case report of successful management of retroperitoneal rupture and associated pancreaticoduodenal aneurysm treated with a covered stent graft. This technique allowed for rapid access and exclusion of the aneurysm. In addition, it allowed the preservation of foregut flow through the collateral pathway and successfully excluded the large aneurysm.