Analysis of Prevalent Leptospira Serovar in Different Animals of South Gujarat Region during the Year of 2020

Abstract

Background & Aims : Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease transmitted through contact among animals that are harboring leptospira. Knowledge of prevalent leptospira in a particular animal of a particular geographical area is essential to understand the epizootiology of disease as well as the linkage between circulation of serovars in animals and humans, and to apply appropriate control measures. Materials & Methods : For this retrospective analytic study, animal samples from different districts of south Gujarat region, India received in Microbiology department of Government Medical College (GMC), Surat, Gujarat region, India, during the year of 2020 for Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) of leptospira serovars included in the study. Results of MAT which was already performed using 12 different serovars were analysed to know prevent serovars in a particular animal. Qualtitative data was analysed using frequency and percentage. Results : Out of 1406 animal's samples, 151 (11%) were positive from animals like cow, buffalo, bullock, and goat. More prevalent serovars in cows were Ictrohemorrahiae (22%), hardjo (19%), patoc (17%), and pyrogen (16%). In buffalos, patoc (58%) and hardjo (27%) were found. In bullocks, hardjo (50%) and in goats, automonalis (50%), australis (22%) and patoc (14%) were found as prevent serovars. Conclusion : Different prevent serovars has been observed in different animals from different districts of south Gujarat region, which will be helpful to trace the source of infection in human, to apply control measures, to know epizootiology of disease, and for developing strategies in future during vaccine development with emphasizing more on the prevalent serovars.