Effect of oral health status and oral function on malnutrition in community-dwelling older adult dental patients: A two-year prospective cohort study

IF 2 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Gerodontology Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1111/ger.12718

Nanami Sawada, Noriko Takeuchi, Daisuke Ekuni, Manabu Morita

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Abstract

Objectives

To survey oral status in detail and clarify the factors associated with nutritional status as evaluated by the Mini Nutritional Assessment.

Background

Malnutrition is common in older adults and increases the risk of frailty, sarcopenia, and mortality. However, few longitudinal studies have been performed to investigate the causal effect of oral status on malnutrition in detail, and the information reported in those longitudinal studies has been limited to dentition status and swallowing ability.

Materials and Methods

The participants in this prospective cohort study were patients who visited the Preventive Dentistry Clinic at Okayama University Hospital from November 2017 to January 2021. The number of teeth, periodontal condition, oral function (oral diadochokinesis, masticatory ability, number of bacteria in tongue coating, occlusal force, oral moisture, tongue pressure, swallowing function), nutritional status, the number of comorbidities, and mental health status were examined. These variables were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM).

Results

The final analysis included 141 participants (40 males and 101 females; mean age, 73.5 ± 6.3 years; follow-up rate: 79.7%). The results of the SEM revealed that oral status (number of teeth present and swallowing function) was positively associated with nutritional status 2 years later. In addition, age was negatively associated with oral status.

Conclusion

In community-dwelling older adult dental patients (age ≥60 years), oral function at baseline was associated with nutritional status two years later.

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社区老年牙科患者口腔健康状况和口腔功能对营养不良的影响：一项为期两年的前瞻性队列研究。

目的：详细调查口腔状况，并阐明迷你营养评估评估中与营养状况相关的因素。背景：营养不良在老年人中很常见，会增加虚弱、少肌症和死亡率的风险。然而，很少进行纵向研究来详细调查口腔状况对营养不良的因果影响，这些纵向研究中报告的信息仅限于牙列状况和吞咽能力。材料和方法：这项前瞻性队列研究的参与者是2017年11月至2021年1月访问冈山大学医院预防牙科诊所的患者。检查了牙齿数量、牙周状况、口腔功能（口腔假牙、咀嚼能力、舌苔细菌数量、咬合力、口腔水分、舌压、吞咽功能）、营养状况、合并症数量和心理健康状况。使用结构方程模型（SEM）对这些变量进行了分析。结果：最终分析包括141名参与者（40名男性和101名女性；平均年龄73.5 ± 6.3 年；随访率：79.7%）。SEM结果显示，口腔状况（牙齿数量和吞咽功能）与营养状况2呈正相关几年后。此外，年龄与口腔状况呈负相关。结论：居住在社区的老年牙科患者（年龄≥60岁）年），基线时的口腔功能与两年后的营养状况相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Gerodontology 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The ultimate aim of Gerodontology is to improve the quality of life and oral health of older people. The boundaries of most conventional dental specialties must be repeatedly crossed to provide optimal dental care for older people. In addition, management of other health problems impacts on dental care and clinicians need knowledge in these numerous overlapping areas. Bringing together these diverse topics within one journal serves clinicians who are seeking to read and to publish papers across a broad spectrum of specialties. This journal provides the juxtaposition of papers from traditional specialties but which share this patient-centred interest, providing a synergy that serves progress in the subject of gerodontology.