Methodology to quantify single-use plastic products in municipal solid waste Part 2: Quantification of tobacco products with filters in Germany.

IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-07 DOI:10.1177/0734242X231200091
Alena Maria Spies, Jonathan Geldmacher, Cristina García López, Thomas Pretz, Karoline Raulf
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Discharge from unrestricted tobacco products with filters (TPF) causes environmental damage. To reduce TPF litter quantities, Directive (EU) 2019/904 requires TPF producers to proportionally contribute to the costs of discarding their products in public waste collection systems, including litter waste ones. An appropriate output-based cost model requires assessing TPF quantities in relevant waste streams. Currently, there is no comprehensive data available on TPF quantities in municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, a case study was conducted to quantify TPF in MSW. This study aimed to determine TPF quantities (1) in residual waste from four German district types and (2) in waste from public collection systems for three settlement structures within Trier City. Relevant waste streams from public collection systems, namely waste from public waste receptacles, street-cleaning waste and sinkhole residues, were identified. For both sampling campaigns, consideration was given to extrapolating the results to a larger scale. The results showed that the average specific TPF quantities in residual waste were 277.7, 271.8, 193.3 and 204.5 gi- 1a- 1 in the selected city district, urban district, densely populated rural district and sparsely populated rural district, respectively. Extrapolation of these results to Germany yielded a specific TPF quantity in residual waste of 250.3 gi-1a-1. The average specific TPF quantities in waste from public waste receptacles, street-cleaning waste and sinkhole residues were 12.2, 47.4 and 9.9 gi-1a- 1, respectively. The results could contribute to cost model development based on Directive (EU) 2019/904.

城市固体废物中一次性塑料制品的量化方法第2部分:德国用过滤器对烟草制品的量化。
不受限制的带过滤嘴的烟草产品排放会对环境造成破坏。为了减少TPF垃圾数量,指令(欧盟)2019/904要求TPF生产商按比例承担在公共废物收集系统中丢弃其产品的成本,包括垃圾收集系统。适当的基于产出的成本模型需要评估相关废物流中的TPF数量。目前,没有关于城市固体废物中TPF数量的全面数据。因此,进行了一项案例研究来量化城市生活垃圾中的TPF。本研究旨在确定(1)德国四种地区类型的残余废物中的TPF数量,以及(2)特里尔市三个定居点结构的公共收集系统中的废物中的TPP数量。发现了来自公共收集系统的相关废物流,即来自公共废物容器的废物、街道清洁废物和天坑残留物。对于这两次抽样活动,都考虑将结果外推到更大的范围。结果表明,残余废物中TPF的平均比含量分别为277.7271.8193.3和204.5 gi-1a-1分别在选定的城市区、城市区、人口稠密的农村区和人口稀少的农村区。将这些结果外推到德国,在残余废物中产生了250.3的特定TPF量 gi-1a-1.来自公共废物容器、街道清洁废物和天坑残留物的废物中的TPF平均比含量分别为12.2、47.4和9.9 gi-1a-1。该结果可能有助于根据指令(欧盟)2019/904开发成本模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Waste Management & Research
Waste Management & Research 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
232
审稿时长
4.1 months
期刊介绍: Waste Management & Research (WM&R) publishes peer-reviewed articles relating to both the theory and practice of waste management and research. Published on behalf of the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA) topics include: wastes (focus on solids), processes and technologies, management systems and tools, and policy and regulatory frameworks, sustainable waste management designs, operations, policies or practices.
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