Multifaceted roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases: from powerhouses to saboteurs

IF 6.9 3区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
Surapriya Surendranath Prabhu, Aathira Sujathan Nair, Saiprabha Vijayakumar Nirmala
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Abstract

The fact that mitochondria play a crucial part in energy generation has led to the nickname “powerhouses” of the cell being applied to them. They also play a significant role in many other cellular functions, including calcium signalling, apoptosis, and the creation of vital biomolecules. As a result, cellular function and health as a whole can be significantly impacted by mitochondrial malfunction. Indeed, malignancies frequently have increased levels of mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control. Adverse selection exists for harmful mitochondrial genome mutations, even though certain malignancies include modifications in the nuclear-encoded tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes that generate carcinogenic metabolites. Since rare human cancers with mutated mitochondrial genomes are often benign, removing mitochondrial DNA reduces carcinogenesis. Therefore, targeting mitochondria offers therapeutic options since they serve several functions and are crucial to developing malignant tumors. Here, we discuss the various steps involved in the mechanism of cancer for which mitochondria plays a significant role, as well as the role of mitochondria in diseases other than cancer. It is crucial to understand mitochondrial malfunction to target these organelles for therapeutic reasons. This highlights the significance of investigating mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer and other disease research.

Abstract Image

线粒体功能障碍在疾病中的多方面作用:从权力机构到破坏者。
线粒体在能量产生中起着至关重要的作用,这一事实导致了细胞被称为“发电厂”。它们在许多其他细胞功能中也发挥着重要作用,包括钙信号传导、细胞凋亡和重要生物分子的产生。因此,线粒体功能障碍会对细胞功能和整体健康产生重大影响。事实上,恶性肿瘤经常增加线粒体生物发生和质量控制的水平。有害的线粒体基因组突变存在不利选择,尽管某些恶性肿瘤包括产生致癌代谢物的核编码三羧酸循环酶的修饰。由于线粒体基因组发生突变的罕见人类癌症通常是良性的,去除线粒体DNA可以减少致癌作用。因此,靶向线粒体提供了治疗选择,因为它们具有多种功能,对恶性肿瘤的发展至关重要。在此,我们讨论了线粒体在癌症发病机制中发挥重要作用的各个步骤,以及线粒体在癌症以外疾病中的作用。为了治疗的原因,了解针对这些细胞器的线粒体功能障碍是至关重要的。这突出了研究线粒体功能障碍在癌症和其他疾病研究中的意义。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.40
自引率
9.00%
发文量
48
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Archives of Pharmacal Research is the official journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea and has been published since 1976. Archives of Pharmacal Research is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the publication of original scientific research papers and reviews in the fields of drug discovery, drug development, and drug actions with a view to providing fundamental and novel information on drugs and drug candidates.
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