Damages of DNA in tritiated water.

Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Enzymes Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-05 DOI:10.1016/bs.enz.2022.08.009
Yuji Hatano, Hiroaki Nakamura, Susumu Fujiwara, Seiki Saito, Takahiro Kenmotsu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tritium is a radioisotope of hydrogen emitting low energy β-rays in disintegration to 3He. DNA molecules are damaged mainly by β-ray irradiation, and additional damages can be induced by break of chemical bond by nuclear transmutation to inert 3He. Deep knowledges of the mechanisms underlying DNA damages lead to better understanding of biological effects of tritium. This chapter reviews recent experimental and computer simulation activities on quantitative evaluation of damage rates by β-ray irradiation and nuclear transmutation. The rate of DNA double-strand breaks in tritiated water has been examined using a single molecule observation method. The effects of β-ray irradiation were not noticeable at the level of tritium concentration of ∼kBq/cm3, while the irradiation effects were clear at tritium concentrations of ∼MBq/cm3. The factors affecting on the DSB rate are discussed. A new image processing method for the automatic measurement of DNA length using OpenCV and deep learning is also introduced. The effects of tritium transmutation on hydrogen bonds acting between the two main strands of DNA have been examined using molecular dynamics simulations. The study showed that the collapsing of DNA structure by the transmutation can be quantitatively evaluated using the root mean square deviation of atomic positions.

氚化水中DNA的损伤。
氚是氢的一种放射性同位素,在分解成3He时释放出低能β射线。DNA分子的损伤主要由β射线照射引起,核嬗变为惰性3He导致化学键断裂也可引起附加损伤。对DNA损伤机制的深入了解有助于更好地理解氚的生物效应。本章回顾了最近在β射线辐照和核嬗变损伤率定量评价方面的实验和计算机模拟活动。用单分子观察方法测定了氚化水中DNA双链断裂的速率。在氚浓度为~ kBq/cm3时,β射线辐照的效果不明显,而在氚浓度为~ MBq/cm3时,辐照效果明显。讨论了影响DSB率的因素。介绍了一种基于OpenCV和深度学习的DNA长度自动测量图像处理新方法。氚嬗变对作用于DNA两条主链之间的氢键的影响已经用分子动力学模拟进行了研究。研究表明,嬗变对DNA结构的破坏可以用原子位置的均方根偏差来定量评价。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Enzymes
Enzymes Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biotechnology
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
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