{"title":"Oxidative Stress-Responsive Small Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNAs in Age-related Macular Degeneration: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Tools.","authors":"Zhongjing Lin, Ke Mao","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blurred vision, and oxidative stress is a leading risk factor for AMD pathology. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-90 nm membrane microvesicles (MVs) released by several cell types in a controlled fashion and they transfer from cell to cell to mediate disease progression. EVs encapsulate and transfer microRNAs (miRNA) to recipient cells. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that inhibit expression and function of targeted mRNAs through miRNA/mRNA interactions in the conserved 3'UTR regions, and in this way they can modulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Dysregulation of EVs and their miRNAs cargo from retinal cells is believed to be correlated to a loss of cellular homeostasis and AMD pathology. This review investigates the association between oxidative stress, sEVs, miRNAs, and AMD pathogenesis, and the potential for discovering novel treatment targets for AMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11379,"journal":{"name":"Discovery medicine","volume":" ","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Discovery medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blurred vision, and oxidative stress is a leading risk factor for AMD pathology. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are 50-90 nm membrane microvesicles (MVs) released by several cell types in a controlled fashion and they transfer from cell to cell to mediate disease progression. EVs encapsulate and transfer microRNAs (miRNA) to recipient cells. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that inhibit expression and function of targeted mRNAs through miRNA/mRNA interactions in the conserved 3'UTR regions, and in this way they can modulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Dysregulation of EVs and their miRNAs cargo from retinal cells is believed to be correlated to a loss of cellular homeostasis and AMD pathology. This review investigates the association between oxidative stress, sEVs, miRNAs, and AMD pathogenesis, and the potential for discovering novel treatment targets for AMD.
期刊介绍：
Discovery Medicine publishes novel, provocative ideas and research findings that challenge conventional notions about disease mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, or any of the life sciences subjects. It publishes cutting-edge, reliable, and authoritative information in all branches of life sciences but primarily in the following areas: Novel therapies and diagnostics (approved or experimental); innovative ideas, research technologies, and translational research that will give rise to the next generation of new drugs and therapies; breakthrough understanding of mechanism of disease, biology, and physiology; and commercialization of biomedical discoveries pertaining to the development of new drugs, therapies, medical devices, and research technology.
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