{"title":"Status of state cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, United States.","authors":"F Joan Hardy, Ellen Preece, Lorraine Backer","doi":"10.1080/10402381.2020.1863530","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A widespread effort is underway to improve awareness of cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) across the United States using a variety of monitoring programs and public health outreach measures to protect people, pets, and livestock. To determine the status of cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, 2 questionnaires were distributed to health/environmental departments in 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). One questionnaire focused on cyanoHAB exposure to humans from drinking water and the second targeted exposure through recreational activities. All states plus DC responded to the recreational survey; 46 states plus DC responded to the drinking water survey. All states except Alaska answered that microcystins were the cyanotoxins of greatest concern for recreational exposure; microcystins were also of greatest concern for drinking water with the exception of Utah (anatoxin-a in reservoirs was greatest concern) and Rhode Island (microcystins and anatoxin-a in reservoirs/ponds were greatest concern). Regional comparisons disclosed a lack of cyanoHAB programs in southern states relative to northern states that may be related to the higher percentage of water surface area in northern states. Interestingly, recreational outreach is more extensive than drinking water outreach (only 16 states reported having some type of drinking water outreach program, compared with 35 states with recreational outreach), and preferred outreach methods are websites and press releases. Additionally, respondents reported very limited funding for outreach and monitoring programs. Our results establish baseline information to help determine what future direction cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring programs can take at local, regional, and national levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":18017,"journal":{"name":"Lake and Reservoir Management","volume":"37 3","pages":"246-260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10402381.2020.1863530","citationCount":"5","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lake and Reservoir Management","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10402381.2020.1863530","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"LIMNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Abstract
A widespread effort is underway to improve awareness of cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) across the United States using a variety of monitoring programs and public health outreach measures to protect people, pets, and livestock. To determine the status of cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, 2 questionnaires were distributed to health/environmental departments in 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). One questionnaire focused on cyanoHAB exposure to humans from drinking water and the second targeted exposure through recreational activities. All states plus DC responded to the recreational survey; 46 states plus DC responded to the drinking water survey. All states except Alaska answered that microcystins were the cyanotoxins of greatest concern for recreational exposure; microcystins were also of greatest concern for drinking water with the exception of Utah (anatoxin-a in reservoirs was greatest concern) and Rhode Island (microcystins and anatoxin-a in reservoirs/ponds were greatest concern). Regional comparisons disclosed a lack of cyanoHAB programs in southern states relative to northern states that may be related to the higher percentage of water surface area in northern states. Interestingly, recreational outreach is more extensive than drinking water outreach (only 16 states reported having some type of drinking water outreach program, compared with 35 states with recreational outreach), and preferred outreach methods are websites and press releases. Additionally, respondents reported very limited funding for outreach and monitoring programs. Our results establish baseline information to help determine what future direction cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring programs can take at local, regional, and national levels.
期刊介绍：
Lake and Reservoir Management (LRM) publishes original, previously unpublished studies relevant to lake and reservoir management. Papers address the management of lakes and reservoirs, their watersheds and tributaries, along with the limnology and ecology needed for sound management of these systems. Case studies that advance the science of lake management or confirm important management concepts are appropriate as long as there is clearly described management significance. Papers on economic, social, regulatory and policy aspects of lake management are also welcome with appropriate supporting data and management implications. Literature syntheses and papers developing a conceptual foundation of lake and watershed ecology will be considered for publication, but there needs to be clear emphasis on management implications. Modeling papers will be considered where the model is properly verified but it is also highly preferable that management based on the model has been taken and results have been documented. Application of known models to yet another system without a clear advance in resultant management are unlikely to be accepted. Shorter notes that convey important early results of long-term studies or provide data relating to causative agents or management approaches that warrant further study are acceptable even if the story is not yet complete. All submissions are subject to peer review to assure relevance and reliability for management application.
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