Parents' Perceptions Regarding the Effectiveness of Dental Desensitization for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Abstract

Purpose: Desensitization is a behavior guidance technique that has been used to help improve behavior and capacity to receive dental care in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to elicit parents' perspectives regarding the effectiveness, benefits, and barriers associated with desensitization. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Participants included parents of children with ASD who received regular dental care in a pediatric hospital. Data were collected through individual in-depth semi-structured interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded to be transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic approach. Results: Thirteen parents were interviewed. The findings indicate that desensitization improved children's dental care experience, as the repetition of appointments allowed them to develop familiarity in the clinical setting, reduced their stress and anxiety, and consequently treatment acceptance. However, parents described certain barriers to desensitization, including the organization and burden of frequent appointments and structural and financial issues, as the cost associated with desensitization visits was not covered by Medicare/Medicaid. Conclusion: Desensitization is seen by parents as an important avenue for improving dental encounters for children with autism spectrum disorder.