Living Organ Donation for Transplantation in Bangladesh: Reality and Problems.

IF 1.3 4区 哲学 Q3 ETHICS
Hec Forum Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-10 DOI:10.1007/s10730-022-09500-z
Md Sanwar Siraj
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Abstract

The stipulation of living organ transplantation policy and practice in Bangladesh is family-oriented, with relatives being the only people legally eligible to donate organs. There have been very few transplantations of bone marrows, liver lobes, and kidneys from related-living donors in Bangladesh. The major question addressed in this study is why Bangladesh is not getting adequate organs for transplantation. In this study, I examin the stipulations of the policy and practice of living organ donation through the lens of 32 key stakeholders including physicians and nurses, a health administrator, organ donors and recipients, and their family members, as they can shed light on the realities and problems of organ donation for transplantation in Bangladesh. My ethnography reveals that the family members are always encouraged to donate organs for transplantation, and saving the lives of relatives through organ donation is seen as a moral obligation. Many view saving the life of a relative by donating one's organs as equivalent to saving one's own life. An assessment of the dynamics of biomedicine, religion, and culture leads to the conclusion that the family-oriented organ donation policy and practice have been widely endorsed and accepted in Bangladesh, and Islamic ethical principles and collective family ethos undergird that policy and practice. However, the unavailability of medical resources, lack of post-operative coverage for organ donors, religious misconceptions and unawareness of the general public, and the absence of posthumously donated vital organs for transplantation are perceived to be the most common barriers to a successful living donor-recipient pair organ transplantation. By overcoming these obstacles, Bangladesh can develop a successful living donor-recipient pair organ transplantation program that will ensure improved healthcare outcomes, promote altruism and solidarity among Bangladeshi families, and protect the poor from having their organs sold to wealthy patients.

孟加拉国用于移植的活体器官捐献:现实与问题。
孟加拉国的活体器官移植政策和实践规定以家庭为导向,亲属是唯一有合法资格捐献器官的人。在孟加拉国,由亲属活体捐献者进行的骨髓、肝叶和肾脏移植非常少。本研究探讨的主要问题是,为什么孟加拉国没有足够的器官用于移植。在本研究中,我通过 32 位主要利益相关者(包括医生和护士、一位卫生管理者、器官捐献者和受捐者及其家属)的视角,考察了活体器官捐献政策和实践的规定,因为他们可以揭示孟加拉国器官移植捐献的现实情况和问题。我的人种学调查显示,人们总是鼓励家庭成员捐献器官用于移植,通过器官捐献挽救亲属的生命被视为一种道德义务。许多人认为,通过捐献器官挽救亲属的生命等同于挽救自己的生命。对生物医学、宗教和文化的动态进行评估后得出的结论是,以家庭为导向的器官捐献政策和做法已在孟加拉国得到广泛认可和接受,伊斯兰伦理原则和集体家庭伦理支撑着这一政策和做法。然而,医疗资源的匮乏、器官捐献者术后保障的缺失、宗教误解和公众的不了解,以及缺乏死后捐献的重要器官用于移植,被认为是成功进行活体捐献者-受者配对器官移植最常见的障碍。通过克服这些障碍,孟加拉国可以制定一个成功的活体捐献者-受者配对器官移植计划,确保改善医疗效果,促进孟加拉国家庭的利他主义和团结,保护穷人的器官不被卖给有钱的病人。
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来源期刊
Hec Forum
Hec Forum ETHICS-
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
13.30%
发文量
34
期刊介绍: HEC Forum is an international, peer-reviewed publication featuring original contributions of interest to practicing physicians, nurses, social workers, risk managers, attorneys, ethicists, and other HEC committee members. Contributions are welcomed from any pertinent source, but the text should be written to be appreciated by HEC members and lay readers. HEC Forum publishes essays, research papers, and features the following sections:Essays on Substantive Bioethical/Health Law Issues Analyses of Procedural or Operational Committee Issues Document Exchange Special Articles International Perspectives Mt./St. Anonymous: Cases and Institutional Policies Point/Counterpoint Argumentation Case Reviews, Analyses, and Resolutions Chairperson''s Section `Tough Spot'' Critical Annotations Health Law Alert Network News Letters to the Editors
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