Participation in community-based healthcare interventions and non-communicable diseases early detection of general population in Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: Community-based Healthcare Interventions (CBHIs) are regarded as a critical component of healthcare task-sharing in LMICs and have the potential to address LMICs' health system weaknesses to improve NCDs prevention care. This study aims to investigate the relationship between participation in CBHIs and NCDs early detection at medical facilities among Indonesians.

Methods: Data come from the fifth Indonesian Family Life Survey (2014-2015), a total of 27,692 individuals (14,820 female and 12,872 male individuals age 15 and older). Multiple ordered logistics and logistics regression was used to assess the association between individual participation in CBHI and early detection of NCDs at medical facilities.

Findings: Participation in CBHIs are associated with higher odds of having regular blood pressure test (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.67-3.58), cholesterol test (adjusted OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.60-2.22), blood glucose test (adjusted OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.58-2.23), electrocardiogram (adjusted OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.06-1.76) and basic dental examination (adjusted OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09-1.60) at medical facilities. The odds of having pap smears (adjusted OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.62-2.98) and breast self-examination (adjusted OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.37-2.19) among females who participated in CBHIs are substantially larger than those who did not participate in CBHIs. No significant association is shown for the basic vision examination (adjusted OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.95-1.37), while the association of participation in CBHIs on prostate cancer checkup (adjusted OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04-0.76) was negative and significant. The results were controlled with a wide range of predisposing, enabling and need factors for NCDs early detection.

Conclusion: and recommendation: CBHIs may benefit NCDs early detection for the general population in Indonesia. Policymakers and health practitioners need to design CBHIs programs that are attractive to the population, especially men and younger people.