Severe Retinal Necrosis Due to Klebsiella pneumoniae After Acute Prostatitis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND We report a rare case of unilateral Klebsiella pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis with retinal necrosis secondary to acute prostatitis and its clinical management. CASE REPORT A 72-year-old immunocompetent male presented with high fever and gastrointestinal and genitourinary symptoms. He was diagnosed with acute prostatitis, hospitalized, and started on a systemic antibiotic. After 3 days, he experienced floaters in the right eye with subsequent loss of vision. He was referred to the ophthalmology department, where endophthalmitis was diagnosed. The patient underwent complete pars plana vitrectomy (PPV); vitreous samples were taken, and intravitreal antibiotics were injected. Intraoperatively, the retina appeared moderately ischemic, with signs of vasculitis and an area of infiltrated retina temporal to the central fovea. The microbiology results from the vitreous samples showed Klebsiella pneumoniae presence. After 9 days, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ensued and the patient underwent phacoemulsification + intraocular lens implantation in the capsular bag, a second PPV, and silicone oil tamponade. Temporal to the fovea, a large area of retinal necrosis was observed. After a 10-month followup period, the silicone oil was removed, and subsequently, visual acuity improved, while the retina remained attached. CONCLUSIONS Klebsiella pneumoniae can be an aggressive microorganism that can cause retinal necrosis and compromise visual function. Prompt PPV can lead to some preservation of vision. This case demonstrates that a second PPV can prove to be a good therapeutic solution and should not be delayed.