Can Infectious Disease Control Be Achieved without Antibiotics by Exploiting Mechanisms of Disease Tolerance?

Brina S Lopez
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Abstract

Antimicrobial use in animal agriculture may be contributing to the emerging public health crisis of antimicrobial resistance. The sustained prevalence of infectious diseases driving antimicrobial use industry-wide suggests that traditional methods of bolstering disease resistance are, for some diseases, ineffective. A paradigm shift in our approach to infectious disease control is needed to reduce antimicrobial use and sustain animal and human health and the global economy. Targeting the defensive mechanisms that promote the health of an infected host without impacting pathogen fitness, termed "disease tolerance," is a novel disease control approach ripe for discovery. This article presents examples of disease tolerance dictating clinical outcomes for several infectious diseases in humans, reveals evidence suggesting a similarly critical role of disease tolerance in the progression of infectious diseases plaguing animal agriculture, and thus substantiates the assertion that exploiting disease tolerance mechanisms can positively impact animal and human health.

利用疾病耐受性机制,可以在没有抗生素的情况下实现传染病控制吗?
畜牧业中抗菌素的使用可能加剧了正在出现的抗菌素耐药性公共卫生危机。传染病的持续流行推动了整个行业的抗菌素使用,这表明,对于某些疾病,增强疾病抵抗力的传统方法是无效的。为了减少抗微生物药物的使用,维持动物和人类健康以及全球经济,我们需要转变传染病控制方法的模式。针对促进被感染宿主健康而不影响病原体适应性的防御机制,称为“疾病耐受性”,是一种新的疾病控制方法。本文介绍了几种人类传染病的疾病耐受性决定临床结果的例子,揭示了疾病耐受性在困扰动物农业的传染病进展中发挥类似关键作用的证据,从而证实了利用疾病耐受性机制可以对动物和人类健康产生积极影响的断言。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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