Polygenic molecular architecture underlying non-sexual cell aggregation in budding yeast.

Jiarui Li, Lin Wang, Xiaoping Wu, Ou Fang, Luwen Wang, Chenqi Lu, Shengjie Yang, Xiaohua Hu, Zewei Luo
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引用次数: 25

Abstract

Cell aggregation in unicellular organisms, induced by either cell non-sexual adhesion to yield flocs and biofilm, or pheromone-driving sexual conjugation is of great significance in cellular stress response, medicine, and brewing industries. Most current literatures have focused on one form of cell aggregation termed flocculation and its major molecular determinants, the flocculation (FLO) family genes. Here, we implemented a map-based approach for dissecting the molecular basis of non-sexual cell aggregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genome-wide mapping has identified four major quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying nature variation in the cell aggregation phenotype. High-resolution mapping following up with knockout and allele replacement experiments resolved the QTL into the underlying genes (AMN1, RGA1, FLO1, and FLO8) or even into the causative nucleotide. Genetic variation in the QTL genes can explain up to 46% of phenotypic variation of this trait. Of these genes, AMN1 plays the leading role, differing from the FLO family members, in regulating expression of cell clumping phenotype through inducing cell segregation defect. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of how cell aggregation is regulated in budding yeast, and the data will be directly implicated to understand the molecular basis and evolutionary implications of cell aggregation in other fungus species.

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芽殖酵母中无性细胞聚集的多基因分子结构。
单细胞生物中的细胞聚集,无论是通过细胞非性粘附产生絮凝体和生物膜,还是信息素驱动的性偶联,都在细胞应激反应、医学和酿酒工业中具有重要意义。目前大多数文献都集中在一种称为絮凝的细胞聚集形式及其主要的分子决定因素,絮凝(FLO)家族基因。在这里,我们实施了一种基于图谱的方法来解剖酿酒酵母非性细胞聚集的分子基础。全基因组定位已经确定了细胞聚集表型自然变异的四个主要数量性状位点(QTL)。高分辨率定位、基因敲除和等位基因替换实验将QTL解析为潜在基因(AMN1、RGA1、FLO1和FLO8),甚至是致病核苷酸。QTL基因的遗传变异可以解释该性状高达46%的表型变异。在这些基因中,与FLO家族成员不同,AMN1在通过诱导细胞分离缺陷来调节细胞聚集表型的表达中起主导作用。这些发现为出芽酵母细胞聚集调控的分子机制提供了新的见解,这些数据将直接影响其他真菌物种细胞聚集的分子基础和进化意义。
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