[Complications after intramedullary nailing of the tibia].

Abstract

As demonstrated by the experience, treatment of fractures of the tibial intramedullary nail proved to be the most advantageous method of operating as: put the rod runs in the biomechanical axis of the limb, is inside of the bone, is a minimally invasive procedure (carried out with small cuts). Initially, the method of intramedullary nailing was used for the treatment of fractures of the shaft center of the tibia. However, the development of surgical techniques has meant that the method can also be used to treat fractures of the proximal and distal tibia. The most common complications of surgical treatment by this method, apart from infection include: changing the limb axis, rotation of the factions against each other, and degenerative changes in the knee depend on the introduction of nail art. The aim of this study is to analyze in order to treat patients with lower leg fractures using intramedullary nailing. It was carried out based on the collected medical records and clinical examination, which included 45 patients. It was found that the most common complication observed after treatment was varus tibial fragments (5 cases - 11% of respondents). Less commonly observed disorder in the form of the axis of rotation of the limb (1 case) and anteflexion -1 case. During the test showed that the axis of the limb abnormalities were associated with the initial surgery. There was no significant progression of the axis of the limb abnormalities in the period from the date of surgery to complete primary union. Complications in the form of secondary osteoarthritis of the knee reported in studies of other authors, did not occur in any of the analyzed in the work cases.